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Methods for quality adjustment of life years
Social Science & Medicine, 1992Several valuation techniques are in use for quality adjusting life years in cost utility analysis. The paper gives an overview of the variability in results. A close inspection of a number of instruments with respect to their theme, instructions, decision framing and the phrasing of questions make many of the observed differences in results ...
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The importance of Perspective in the Measurement of Quality-adjusted Life Years
Medical Decision Making, 1997Scaling instruments for the measurement of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) incor porate either a personal or an impersonal perspective on the benefits of a health intervention and either do or do not incorporate considerations of equity. This paper sets out three hypotheses concerning perspective and equity: 1) that more equally distributed ...
Eric J Nord, Jeff Richardson
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Cost-Utility Analysis and Quality Adjusted Life Years
Journal Of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy, 2005Cost utility analysis is a form of cost-effectiveness analysis in which outcomes are adjusted for quality and quantity of life. This type of analysis is used widely in Europe and is being used increasingly in the United States. This article provides an overview of cost utility analysis and quality adjusted life years, a commonly used effectiveness ...
Vijay N. Joish, Gary M. Oderda
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Quality-adjusted Life Years, Utility Theory, and Healthy-years Equivalents
Medical Decision Making, 1989Decisions about medical treatments and the settings of health programs are not purely technical, but also involve issues of value such as the evaluation of trade-offs between quality of life (morbidity) and quantity of life (mortality). The most commonly used measure of outcome in such cases is the quality-adjusted life year (QALY).
Abraham Mehrez, Amiram Gafni
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Are Healthy-years Equivalents an Improvement over Quality-adjusted Life Years?
Medical Decision Making, 1993The construct of the healthy-years equivalent (HYE) has been proposed as an alternative to the quality-adjusted life year (QALY) on the grounds that it avoids certain restrictive assumptions about preferences and also incorporates attitudes toward risk.
Milton C. Weinstein +2 more
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Willingness to Pay for a Quality-adjusted Life Year
Medical Decision Making, 2000Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) provides a clear decision rule: undertake an intervention if the monetary value of its benefits exceed its costs. However, due to a reluctance to characterize health benefits in monetary terms, users of cost-utility and cost-effectiveness analyses must rely on arbitrary standards (e.g., < $50,000 per QALY) to deem a ...
William G. Weissert +4 more
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Utilitarianism and the Measurement and Aggregation of Quality – Adjusted Life Years
Health Care Analysis, 2001It is widely accepted that one of the main objectives of government expenditure on health care is to generate health. Since health is a function of both length of life and quality of life, the quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) has been developed in an attempt to combine the value of these attributes into a single index number.
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quality-adjusted life-years (QALY)
2009syn. healthy-year equivalent (HYE); QALYs are calculated by multiplying the time spent in each health state by the value assigned to the particular health state; to calculate QALYs, numerical judgments of the desirability of various outcomes must be determined; these values are called “utilities” (with values between 0-death and 1-perfect health; very ...
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The Quality Adjusted Life Year: A Total-Utility Perspective
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, 2018Abstract:Given that a properly formed utilitarian response to healthcare distribution issues should evaluate cost effectiveness against the total utility increase, it follows that any utilitarian cost-effectiveness metric should be sensitive to increases in both individual and social utility afforded by a given intervention. Quality adjusted life year (
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