Pharmaceutical Pricing and R&D as a Global Public Good
ABSTRACT This paper examines the international variation in the prices of branded pharmaceuticals. We consider short‐run profits, or quasi‐rents, as representing each country's contribution toward the global public good of therapeutic information embodied in new pharmaceuticals.
H. E. Frech III +3 more
wiley +1 more source
Bio‐inspired nanophotonics: Structural color, chirality, and resonance metasurfaces
A butterfly‐wing‐inspired anisotropic plasmonic flatband resonant metasurface. Insets, photo of the butterfly, Sasakia charonda, and the SEM image of its wing scale (above); the SEM image of the metasurface (below). Abstract The dazzling colors of butterfly wings and hummingbird feathers are not painted with pigments, but crafted by nature's invisible ...
Weihan Liu, Yao Liang, Din Ping Tsai
wiley +1 more source
A comprehensive review on charger technologies, types, and charging stations models for electric vehicles. [PDF]
Saraswathi VN, Ramachandran VP.
europepmc +1 more source
Ch‐Ch‐Ch‐Ch‐Changes: The Impact of Supply Base Growth, Contraction, and Turnover on Firm Innovation
ABSTRACT Modern supply chains are experiencing more disturbances due to regulatory shifts, rising sustainability standards, emerging or declining markets, and disruption to critical inputs. Some firms react by strengthening existing supplier partnerships to resist changes, while others reconfigure relationships with suppliers to embrace changes ...
Jordan M. Barker +3 more
wiley +1 more source
Design and implementation of a universal converter for microgrid applications using approximate dynamic programming and artificial neural networks. [PDF]
Suresh K +5 more
europepmc +1 more source
ABSTRACT Background Melanoma accounts for more than 75% of skin cancer‐related mortality. Dermatoscopy is an evidence‐based technique for earlier detection, yet differentiating melanocytic lesions remains challenging. Sub‐UV reflectance dermatoscopy (sUVRD) uses purple light (405 nm) to visualise chromophore distribution in the skin.
L. Dupont +9 more
wiley +1 more source
High-Performance Carbon Nanotube Electronic Devices: Progress and Challenges. [PDF]
Zhang Z, Zhang N, Zhang Z.
europepmc +1 more source
Robust fractional-order adaptive cascaded strategy for mitigating load frequency deviations in renewable thermal hybrid systems. [PDF]
Halim YMA +5 more
europepmc +1 more source
Synchronous reluctance motor speed control based on multivariable Super-Twisting. [PDF]
Ning Y +5 more
europepmc +1 more source
Stochastic sizing and energy management of a hybrid energy system using cloud model and improved Walrus optimizer for China regions. [PDF]
Liao W +5 more
europepmc +1 more source

