, 2005 The United States recognized the independence of all the former Soviet republics by the end of 1991, including the South Caucasus states of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia.
Nichol, Jim
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Trade as a confidence-building measure in protracted conflicts:the cases of Georgia and Moldova compared [PDF]
, 2019 Academic and policy literature on the post-Soviet region’s protracted conflicts frequently assumes that trade is an effective confidence-building measure (CBM) and as such also has the potential to facilitate progress toward conflict settlement. We probe
Kemoklidze, Nino, Wolff, Stefan
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"Frozen conflicts" in Europe [PDF]
, 2015 Often forgotten but simmering "frozen conflicts" continuously mark the political map of Europe. All located in South Eastern Europe, the Black Sea area and Transcaucasia, these conflicts run along ethnic, national, cultural and linguistic lines ...
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Abkhazia’s ‘creeping’ incorporation. The end of the experiment of a separatist democracy. OSW Commentary 164, 2015-03-12 [PDF]
, 2015 On 5 March 2015 a Russian-Abkhazian treaty on alliance and strategic partnership came into effect; it had been signed on 24 November 2014. In fact, the treaty provides a “roadmap” for the incorporation of Abkhazia into the Russian area of defence and ...
Górecki, Wojciech
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Decoding Turkish foreign policy in Abkhazia (2008-2022). A theory-testing process tracing approach to understanding Turkish actions in Georgia’s contested break-away region [PDF]
, 2023 Over the past three decades, the foreign policy of Türkiye towards its near-abroad regions, consisting of the Caucuses, Black Sea, Middle East, Africa, and the Mediterranean, has taken on remarkably assertive characteristics.
Runkel, William Porter
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Public Opinion in the Eurasian De Facto States [PDF]
, 2017 Developing reliable social scientific knowledge about public opinion in de facto states is a challenging exercise. Since 2008 we cooperated with a variety of research partners to organize a series of social scientific surveys in all four de facto states ...
O'Loughlin, John, Toal, Gerard
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The Do-or-Die Dilemma Facing Post-Soviet De Facto States [PDF]
, 2018 This memo discusses the “do or die” dilemma of post-Soviet de facto states. Our examination looks in to patron-client relations that are highly unequal and asymmetric in terms of resources and capabilities: Russia vis-à-vis Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and ...
Berg, Eiki, Vits, Kristel
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Georgia and Abkhazia caught between Turkey and Russia: Turkey's changing relations with Russia and the West in 2015-2016 and their impact on Georgia and Abkhazia [PDF]
, 2016 Following seven months of severely strained relations, Turkey and Russia began to mend ties in late June 2016, when President Erdogan sent a conciliatory letter to his Russian counterpart.
Weiss, Andrea, Zabanova, Yana
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Status Hukum Negara Abkhazia dan Ossetia Selatan Pasca Suksesi Negara Ditinjau dari Hukum Internasional [PDF]
, 2021 "Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis, mengetahui serta memahami mengenai keabsahan berdirinya negara Abkhazia dan negara Ossetia Selatan menurut hukum internasional dan menganalisis, mengetahui serta memahami akibat hukum yang timbul dari ...
-, Jessica
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Legitimacy and ethnic politics in de facto states: rhetoric, legislation and reality in Abkhazia and Kosovo [PDF]
, 2018 This thesis investigates three closely related research questions. The first is how de facto states make use of minority rights norms to garner legitimacy on the international stage.
Drayton, James Robin
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