Results 321 to 330 of about 443,344 (379)
Some of the next articles are maybe not open access.
Journal of the American College of Radiology, 2011
For much of the 20th century, psychologists and economists operated on the assumption that work is devoid of intrinsic rewards, and the only way to get people to work harder is through the use of rewards and punishments. This so-called carrot-and-stick model of workplace motivation, when applied to medical practice, emphasizes the use of financial ...
Richard B, Gunderman, Aaron P, Kamer
openaire +2 more sources
For much of the 20th century, psychologists and economists operated on the assumption that work is devoid of intrinsic rewards, and the only way to get people to work harder is through the use of rewards and punishments. This so-called carrot-and-stick model of workplace motivation, when applied to medical practice, emphasizes the use of financial ...
Richard B, Gunderman, Aaron P, Kamer
openaire +2 more sources
Research Papers in Economics, 2012 We study experimentally whether anti-corruption policies with a focus on bribery might be insufficient to uncover more subtle ways of gaining an unfair advantage. In particular, we investigate whether an implicit agreement to exchange favors between a decision-maker and a lobbying party serves as a legal substitute for corruption.
openaire +5 more sources
, 1994
J. A. Gray (1981, 1982) holds that 2 general motivational systems underlie behavior and affect: a behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and a behavioral activation system (BAS).
C. Carver, T. L. White
semanticscholar +1 more source
J. A. Gray (1981, 1982) holds that 2 general motivational systems underlie behavior and affect: a behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and a behavioral activation system (BAS).
C. Carver, T. L. White
semanticscholar +1 more source
Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2021
An organism's survival can depend on its ability to recall and navigate to spatial locations associated with rewards, such as food or a home. Accumulating research has revealed that computations of reward and its prediction occur on multiple levels across a complex set of interacting brain regions, including those that support memory and navigation ...
Marielena Sosa, Lisa M. Giocomo
openaire +3 more sources
An organism's survival can depend on its ability to recall and navigate to spatial locations associated with rewards, such as food or a home. Accumulating research has revealed that computations of reward and its prediction occur on multiple levels across a complex set of interacting brain regions, including those that support memory and navigation ...
Marielena Sosa, Lisa M. Giocomo
openaire +3 more sources
Neuroscience Letters, 2008
We report a highly significant regional increase of the BOLD response in the caudate nucleus in a group of Danish Christians while performing silent religious prayer. The effect was found in a main-effect analysis of high-structured and low-structured religious recitals relative to comparable secular recitals and to a non-narrative baseline.
Schjødt, Uffe +3 more
openaire +4 more sources
We report a highly significant regional increase of the BOLD response in the caudate nucleus in a group of Danish Christians while performing silent religious prayer. The effect was found in a main-effect analysis of high-structured and low-structured religious recitals relative to comparable secular recitals and to a non-narrative baseline.
Schjødt, Uffe +3 more
openaire +4 more sources
SimPO: Simple Preference Optimization with a Reference-Free Reward
Neural Information Processing SystemsDirect Preference Optimization (DPO) is a widely used offline preference optimization algorithm that reparameterizes reward functions in reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) to enhance simplicity and training stability.
Yu Meng, Mengzhou Xia, Danqi Chen
semanticscholar +1 more source
RewardBench: Evaluating Reward Models for Language Modeling
arXiv.orgReward models (RMs) are at the crux of successfully using RLHF to align pretrained models to human preferences, yet there has been relatively little study that focuses on evaluation of those models.
Nathan Lambert +11 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Job demands, perceptions of effort-reward fairness and innovative work behaviour
, 2000Building on person-environment fit theory and social exchange theory, the relationship between job demands and innovative work behaviour was assumed to be moderated by fairness perceptions of the ratio between effort spent and reward received at work ...
Onne Janssen
semanticscholar +1 more source
Specious reward: a behavioral theory of impulsiveness and impulse control.
Psychological bulletin, 1975In a choice among assured, familiar outcomes of behavior, impulsiveness is the choice of less rewarding over more rewarding alternatives. Discussions of impulsiveness in the literature of economics, sociology, social psychology, dynamic psychology and ...
G. Ainslie
semanticscholar +1 more source
Skywork-Reward: Bag of Tricks for Reward Modeling in LLMs
arXiv.orgIn this report, we introduce a collection of methods to enhance reward modeling for LLMs, focusing specifically on data-centric techniques. We propose effective data selection and filtering strategies for curating high-quality open-source preference ...
Chris Liu +8 more
semanticscholar +1 more source