Results 301 to 310 of about 806,296 (336)
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RNA-dependent RNA polymerases in RNA silencing
Biological Chemistry, 2011Abstract RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRPs) synthesize double-stranded RNAs that are processed into small RNAs and mediate gene silencing. Viral RdRPs and cellular RdRPs show little structural homology to each other. Cellular RdRPs play key roles in RNA silencing by producing complementary strands for target RNAs via Dicer-dependent and -
Yoshiko Maida, Kenkichi Masutomi
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Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, 2008
AbstractReverse transcriptases (RTs) are multifunctional enzymes, but are mainly used as RNA‐directed DNA polymerases in first‐strand cDNA synthesis. Specifically, oligodeoxynucleotides are used as primers for extension on RNA templates. The DNA synthesized from an RNA template is referred to as complementary DNA (cDNA) and is often used as a template ...
George Tzertzinis +2 more
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AbstractReverse transcriptases (RTs) are multifunctional enzymes, but are mainly used as RNA‐directed DNA polymerases in first‐strand cDNA synthesis. Specifically, oligodeoxynucleotides are used as primers for extension on RNA templates. The DNA synthesized from an RNA template is referred to as complementary DNA (cDNA) and is often used as a template ...
George Tzertzinis +2 more
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RNA-dependent RNA polymerases from Flaviviridae
Current Opinion in Structural Biology, 2009Viral genome replication in Flaviviridae is carried out by a virally encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). These viruses initiate the RNA synthesis via a de novo mechanism that differs from the primer-dependent mechanism used by Picornaviridae. Like all polymerases, the structure of Flaviviridae RdRps resembles a right hand with characteristic ...
Kyung H. Choi, Michael G. Rossmann
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RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in Chinese cabbage
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis, 1971Abstract An RNA-dependent RNA polymerase which incorporates nucleotides from ribonucleoside triphosphates into an acid-insoluble polymer has been purified from the chloroplastic fraction of Chinese cabbage leaves. 1. 1. Addition of RNA template is required for enzymatic activity; the synthetic polynucleotide poly (U, C) and TYMV-RNA are among the
S Astier-Manifacier, P Cornuet
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RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases, Viruses, and RNA Silencing
Science, 2002Most viruses have RNA genomes that are replicated and transcribed into messenger RNA by viral RNA–dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps), usually in concert with other viral and host factors. Many, if not most, eukaryotes also encode putative RdRps that have been implicated in sequence-specific, RNA-triggered gene silencing.
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An RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is required for paramutation in maize [PDF]
Nature, 2006 Paramutation is an allele-dependent transfer of epigenetic information, which results in the heritable silencing of one allele by another. Paramutation at the b1 locus in maize is mediated by unique tandem repeats that communicate in trans to establish and maintain meiotically heritable transcriptional silencing.
Lyudmila Sidorenko +10 more
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Hepatitis C Virus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase (NS5B Polymerase) [PDF]
, 2000 Approximately 170 million people world-wide are chronically infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) (BRADLEY et al. 1983; CHOO et al. 1989; HOUGHTON 1996; A;LTER 1997; also see Thomas, this volume). Although chronic infection with HCV frequently produces no symptoms for 5–30 years, it eventually has adverse effects on the host and constitutes a major
Curt H. Hagedorn +2 more
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L protein, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of hantaviruses
Archives of Virology, 2004L protein of hantaviruses is the RNA transcriptase and replicase that transcribes mRNAs and replicates the genomic RNA using antigenomic RNA as an intermediate. It also appears to have endonuclease activity. In this review, the current knowledge on the hantavirus L protein is presented including sequence motifs conserved in RNA polymerases, mechanisms ...
Alexander Plyusnin +2 more
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RNA-dependent RNA polymerases from flaviviruses and Picornaviridae
Current Opinion in Structural Biology, 2009Flaviviruses and picornaviruses are positive-strand RNA viruses that encode the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) required for replicating the viral genome in infected cells. Because of their specific and essential role in the virus life cycle, RdRps are prime targets for antiviral drugs.
Julien Lescar, Bruno Canard
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Structural organization of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases
Biochemistry (Moscow), 2013This review describes available data on the structure of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRP) obtained from X-ray analysis and discusses the functional significance of the structural elements of these enzymes. Because most of the studies done to date relate to RdRP structures of picorna-, flavi-, and caliciviruses, here we consider mostly the ...
G. S. Shatskaya, T.M. Dmitrieva
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