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Role of Scientific Theory in Simulation Education Research
Simulation in Healthcare: The Journal of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, 2018Summary Statement Scientific theories are consistent explanations about how the world works. They have been shown to be plausible not only from a large amount of independent confirmatory evidence but also because rigorous attempts at falsification have ...
M. Pusic, K. Boutis, Willam C McGaghie
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Theory of Rational Option Pricing
World Scientific Reference on Contingent Claims Analysis in Corporate Finance, 2015The long history of the theory of option pricing began in 1900 when the French mathematician Louis Bachelier deduced an option pricing formula based on the assumption that stock prices follow a Brownian motion with zero drift.
R. C. Merton
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Theory of Multiple Intelligences: Is it a Scientific Theory?
Teachers College Record, 2004This essay discusses the status of multiple intelligences (MI) theory as a scientific theory by addressing three issues: the empirical evidence Gardner used to establish MI theory, the methodology he employed to validate MI theory, and the purpose or ...
Jie-Qi Chen
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Positive accounting theory is claimed to be explanatory of accounting practice; a scientific, empirical, economics-based theory. These claims are examined severally, and in significant respects are found to be untenable.
Mahendra R. Gujarathi
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Philosophy of Science, 1978
Question: What is a (or the) scientific theory V based on a set B of syntactical L -formulas, interpreted according to the intended interpretations of the language L? What probably corresponds to the traditional candidate for V is found to be inadequate for use in deductively explaining experimental facts of a certain form.
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Question: What is a (or the) scientific theory V based on a set B of syntactical L -formulas, interpreted according to the intended interpretations of the language L? What probably corresponds to the traditional candidate for V is found to be inadequate for use in deductively explaining experimental facts of a certain form.
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2018
The term ‘theory’ is used variously in science to refer to an unproven hunch, a scientific field (as in ‘electromagnetic theory’), and a conceptual device for systematically characterizing the state-transition behaviour of systems. Philosophers of science have tended to view the latter as the most fundamental, and most analyses of theories focus on it.
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The term ‘theory’ is used variously in science to refer to an unproven hunch, a scientific field (as in ‘electromagnetic theory’), and a conceptual device for systematically characterizing the state-transition behaviour of systems. Philosophers of science have tended to view the latter as the most fundamental, and most analyses of theories focus on it.
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Fitness Requirements for Scientific Theories
The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 1983Popper proposed that a putative set of laws be regarded as a scientific theory only if there exist possible empirical observations that would falsify it. \textit{H. A. Simon} and \textit{G. J. Groen} [ibid. 24, 367-380 (1973; Zbl 0291.02034)] proposed that Popper's test be formalized by conditions of finite and irrevocable testability (FITness).
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