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The Phenomenon of Shadow Education
Shadow education, often referred to as private supplementary tutoring or parallel education, has emerged as a pervasive and intriguing phenomenon worldwide. This abstract delves into the multifaceted dimensions of shadow education, shedding light on its prevalence, motivations, consequences, and implications for formal education systems.Regan Murugesan +4 more
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Shadow Education of Mathematics in China
2017Generally speaking, students can learn mathematics both in their formal schooling and outside school. Therefore, when we discuss students’ mathematics learning and achievement, the role of out-of-school learning cannot be ignored. This chapter aims at highlighting the importance of shadow education in mathematics to the overall picture of Chinese ...
Lidong Wang, Kan Guo
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DOES SHADOW EDUCATION AGGRAVATE INEQUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES
2017The “shadow education” system of privatesupplementary tutoring has become quite common in East Asian countriesnowadays. Based on the data of Programme for International Student Assessment2012 (PISA 2012), the paper analyzes the influence of shadow education on themathematical literacy of students of Shanghai, Hong Kong, Japan and Korea bymeans of a ...
HU, Yongmei, FAN, Wenfeng, DING, Weili
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The financing of local government in China: Stimulus loan wanes and shadow banking waxes
Journal of Financial Economics, 2020Zhuo Chen, Zhiguo He
exaly
A knowledge-based Digital Shadow for machining industry in a Digital Twin perspective
Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 2021Asma LADJ, Farouk Belkadi, Mathieu Ritou
exaly
Education in the Shadow of Contempt
Science, 1968H S, Broudy, M C, Wittrock
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