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Landscape Heterogeneity of Shrub Expansion in Arctic Alaska
Ecosystems, 2012The expansion of shrubs into tundra areas is a key terrestrial change underway in the Arctic in response to elevated temperatures during the twentieth century. Repeat photography permits a glimpse into greening satellite pixels, and it shows that, since 1950, some shrub patches have increased rapidly (hereafter expanding), while others have increased ...
Ken D. Tape +3 more
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Tree and shrub expansion at treeline drive contrasting responses in a subarctic passerine community
Journal of Animal Ecology, 2023AbstractInferences about the mechanisms of distributional change are often made from simple assessments of variation in the geographical positions of populations. However, direct assessments of species' responses to local habitat change may be necessary for proper understanding of the drivers of distributional dynamics.Amplified climate warming is ...
Joshua H. Schmidt +2 more
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Trees, 2014
Robust physiology of Myrica cerifera across a chronosequence (i.e., space for time substitution) of shrub thicket age classes contributes to rapid cover expansion observed in the last 50 years. Many studies have documented the causes of woody expansion into grasslands, but few address unique ...
Sheri A. Shiflett +2 more
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Robust physiology of Myrica cerifera across a chronosequence (i.e., space for time substitution) of shrub thicket age classes contributes to rapid cover expansion observed in the last 50 years. Many studies have documented the causes of woody expansion into grasslands, but few address unique ...
Sheri A. Shiflett +2 more
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Alnus shrub expansion increases evapotranspiration in the Swiss Alps
Regional Environmental Change, 2017Shrub encroachment is one of the main consequences of abandonment of montane grassland. Higher surface roughness of shrubs leads to stronger aerodynamic coupling. This should increase evapotranspiration (ET), but lower surface temperatures (due to higher ET and reduced aerodynamic resistance) could counter this effect.
van den Bergh, Thijs +2 more
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Shifts in litterfall and dominant nitrogen sources after expansion of shrub thickets
Oecologia, 2007Woody encroachment into herbaceous ecosystems is emerging as an important ecological response to global change. A primary concern is alterations in C and N cycling and associated variations across a variety of ecosystems. We quantified seasonal variation in litterfall and litter N concentration in Morella cerifera shrub thickets to assess changes in ...
Steven T, Brantley, Donald R, Young
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Oecologia, 2020
Warming-induced nutrient enrichment in the Arctic may lead to shifts in leaf-level physiological properties and processes with potential consequences for plant community dynamics and ecosystem function. To explore the physiological responses of Arctic tundra vegetation to increasing nutrient availability, we examined how a set of leaf nutrient and ...
Case M. Prager +11 more
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Warming-induced nutrient enrichment in the Arctic may lead to shifts in leaf-level physiological properties and processes with potential consequences for plant community dynamics and ecosystem function. To explore the physiological responses of Arctic tundra vegetation to increasing nutrient availability, we examined how a set of leaf nutrient and ...
Case M. Prager +11 more
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Snow-mediated ptarmigan browsing and shrub expansion in arctic Alaska
Écoscience, 2010Large, late-winter ptarmigan migrations heavily impact the shoot, plant, and patch architecture of shrubs that remain above the snow surface. Ptarmigan browsing on arctic shrubs was assessed in the vicinity of Toolik Lake, on the north side of the Brooks Range in Alaska.
Tape, Ken D. +3 more
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American Journal of Botany, 2003
Worldwide, grassland ecosystems have experienced a major shift in growth‐form dominance as woody plant species have expanded and replaced native grasses. In the C4‐dominated grasslands of central North America, a reduction in fire frequency is the most cited cause of this shift in growth forms as fire both enhances grass productivity and constrains the
Jana L, Heisler +2 more
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Worldwide, grassland ecosystems have experienced a major shift in growth‐form dominance as woody plant species have expanded and replaced native grasses. In the C4‐dominated grasslands of central North America, a reduction in fire frequency is the most cited cause of this shift in growth forms as fire both enhances grass productivity and constrains the
Jana L, Heisler +2 more
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Effects of arctic shrub expansion on biophysical vs. biogeochemical drivers of litter decomposition
Ecology, 2014Climate warming in arctic tundra may shift dominant vegetation from graminoids to deciduous shrubs, whose functional traits could, in turn, alter biotic and abiotic controls over biogeochemical cycling of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N).
Jennie, DeMarco +2 more
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Shrub Expansion in Montane Meadows: The Interaction of Local-Scale Disturbance and Site Aridity
Ecological Applications, 2002Montane meadows in the Sierra Nevada of California have experienced dra- matic expansion of shrubs (Artemisia rothrockii) and reduction in herbaceous species cover since the introduction of livestock in the late 1800s. Increases in meadow aridity due to livestock use has been proposed as the primary factor facilitating sagebrush dominance in these ...
Eric L. Berlow +2 more
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