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Sulfur Dioxide- and Fluoride-Associated Declines in Lung Function Over an 11-Year Observation Among Aluminum Smelter Workers. [PDF]

Am J Ind Med
Raja EM, Hariparsad S, Naidoo RN.
europepmc   +1 more source

Experimental study on smelting reduction of MgO from dolomite under vacuum

, 2012
Xiaohua Chen
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Smelting Reduction Processes

2020
Blast furnace is still very popular in producing hot metal because of their (i) high energy efficiency, (ii) high productivity, (iii) high degree of gas utilization and (iv) long service life.
Sujay Kumar Dutta, Yakshil B. Chokshi
openaire   +1 more source

Ilmenite Smelted by Oxygen-Enriched Top-Blown Smelting Reduction

Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 2011
Abstract Total ilmenite from Yunnan, China, difficult to smelt in blast furnace, was smelted by oxygen-enriched top-blown smelting reduction ironmaking technology. Much more details on smelting were discussed. Specifically, the influence of reduction temperature, slag basicity and molar ratio of carbon to oxygen on the reduction quality level ...
Hui-bin Li, Hua Wang, Yi-long Qi, Jian-hang Hu, You-ling Li   +4 more
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Reductive smelting of iron ore

Steel in Translation, 2015
The carburization of iron is described. Means of preventing carburization by direct reduction of the metal with solid carbon are considered. The interaction between iron, manganese, and chromium oxides and solid carbon is studied in terms of the associated change in dissociation pressure. On that basis, the carburization of iron may be prevented.
S. M. Tleugabulov, S. B. Abikov, D. Kh. Altybaeva, Yu. D. Isupov, B. S. Tleugabulov   +4 more
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Smelting Reduction of a Monocharge

Metallurgist, 2016
The existing two-stage technology used to make iron and steel is based on the use of hot reducing gases, which results in the formation of waste gases and dust and creates an environmental problem. The results obtained from an analysis of metallurgical processes that involve smelting reduction are used to propose a new technology based on the smelting ...
S. M. Tleugabulov, B. S. Tleugabulov, G. M. Koishina, D. Kh. Altybaeva, E. B. Tazhiev   +4 more
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Energy Consumption in Smelting Reduction

steel research international, 2005
The concepts of theoretical gas utilization ratio, smelting heat of iron ore and effective calorific value of coal were introduced in this work. The practical gas utilization ratio and the gas consumption in the shaft of a reduction unit for smelting reduction were discussed.
Jue Fang, Xingjuan Wang, Li Guo, Peixiao Liu   +3 more
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Continuous reductive smelting of steel

Steel in Translation, 2016
Traditionally, iron and steel production is based on a two-stage system consisting of a blast furnace and a converter, which is characterized not only by high productivity but also by copious generation of gaseous emissions and solid wastes. Reductive smelting in a blast furnace with unavoidable carburization of the metal—the formation of molten iron ...
S. M. Tleugabulov, S. B. Abikov, B. S. Tleugabulov   +2 more
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Reduction of Oxides and Reduction Smelting

2021
A number of metals are produced from oxide minerals. Iron, manganese, chromium, and tin are exclusively obtained from oxide ores. Rich ores, for example, hematite, pyrolusite, chromite, and so on can be directly reduced whereas lean ores are first concentrated by communication, classification, jigging, and tabling.
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