Signatures of the sub-Rayleigh to supershear fracture transition in snow avalanche experiments [PDF]
Nature CommunicationsSnow slab avalanches occur when a crack propagates within a highly porous weak snow layer buried beneath a cohesive snow slab. Here, we report direct observations of a supershear event in snow fracture experiments following the spontaneous transition ...
Bastian Bergfeld +5 more
doaj +2 more sources
Snow avalanche formation [PDF]
Reviews of Geophysics, 2003 Snow avalanches are a major natural hazard, endangering human life and infrastructure in mountainous areas throughout the world. In many countries with seasonally snow‐covered mountains, avalanche‐forecasting services reliably warn the public by issuing occurrence probabilities for a certain region.
Jürg Schweizer +2 more
exaly +3 more sources
Coupled Snow Cover and Avalanche Dynamics Simulations to Evaluate Wet Snow Avalanche Activity [PDF]
Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface, 2018 We present physics‐based snowpack simulations for four snow seasons with detailed wet snow avalanche activity records. The distributed, spatially explicit simulations using the Alpine3D and SNOWPACK model show that the simulated snowpack in the release areas of documented wet snow avalanches often exhibits its first wetting of the season on the release
Frank Techel +2 more
exaly +4 more sources
Climate warming enhances snow avalanche risk in the Western Himalayas [PDF]
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2018 Nicolas Eckert +2 more
exaly +2 more sources
Photogrammetrically UAV based terrain data generation and automatic extraction of torrential properties [PDF]
E3S Web of Conferences, 2023 Debris flows are a severe hazard in mountainous regions. However, cost-effective long-term studies of debris flows are seldom, which leads to substantial uncertainties in hazard mitigation methods.
Schmucki Gregor Rafael +7 more
doaj +1 more source
Multi-component avalanches for rock- and ice-falls to potential debris flow transition modelling [PDF]
E3S Web of Conferences, 2023 Rock/ice avalanches are complex gravitational flows involving three important physicalprocesses: entrainment, phase-changes, and flow transitions. The basic complexity of modelling rock/ice avalanches lies in the fact that the flow is a mixture of rock ...
Munch Jessica +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Micromechanical modeling of snow failure [PDF]
The Cryosphere, 2020 Dry-snow slab avalanches start with the formation of a local failure in a highly porous weak layer underlying a cohesive snow slab. If followed by rapid crack propagation within the weak layer and finally a tensile fracture through the slab, a slab ...
G. Bobillier +7 more
doaj +1 more source
Prediction of natural dry-snow avalanche activity using physics-based snowpack simulations [PDF]
Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2023 Predicting the timing and size of natural snow avalanches is crucial for local and regional decision makers but remains one of the major challenges in avalanche forecasting.
S. Mayer +3 more
doaj +1 more source
The relevance of rock shape over mass—implications for rockfall hazard assessments
Nature Communications, 2021 The awareness of rock shape dependence in rockfall hazard assessment is growing, but experimental and field studies are scarce. This study presents a large data set of induced single block rockfall events quantifying the influence of rock shape and mass ...
Andrin Caviezel +23 more
doaj +1 more source
Wind tunnel experiments: cold-air pooling and atmospheric decoupling above a melting snow patch [PDF]
The Cryosphere, 2016 The longevity of perennial snowfields is not fully understood, but it is known that strong atmospheric stability and thus boundary-layer decoupling limit the amount of (sensible and latent) heat that can be transmitted from the atmosphere to the snow ...
R. Mott +4 more
doaj +1 more source