Results 31 to 40 of about 2,059 (159)

The effect of slab touchdown on anticrack arrest in propagation saw tests [PDF]

Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
Understanding crack phenomena in the snowpack and their role in avalanche formation is imperative for hazard prediction and mitigation. Many studies have explored how structural properties of snow contribute to the initial instability of the snowpack ...
P. L. Rosendahl, J. Schneider, G. Bobillier, F. Rheinschmidt, B. Bergfeld, A. van Herwijnen, P. Weißgraeber   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Mechanical Test Procedure for Avalanche Snow [PDF]

Journal of Glaciology, 1977
Abstract The design, construction, and testing of a portable constant strain-rate testing machine for determining the mechanical behavior of avalanche snow is described. The machine is intended for use in determining the stress strain time behavior of low-density natural snows in the field.
S. L. McCabe, F. W. Smith
openaire   +2 more sources

Stress measurements in the weak layer during snow stability tests

Annals of Glaciology
The snow compression test is a snow stability test where an isolated column of snow is progressively loaded by tapping on it to induce failure in a possible weak layer.
Silke Griesser, Christine Pielmeier, Håvard Boutera Toft, Ingrid Reiweger   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Microstructure-based modeling of snow mechanics: a discrete element approach [PDF]

The Cryosphere, 2015
Rapid and large deformations of snow are mainly controlled by grain rearrangements, which occur through the failure of cohesive bonds and the creation of new contacts. We exploit a granular description of snow to develop a discrete element model based on
P. Hagenmuller, G. Chambon, M. Naaim
doaj   +1 more source

Viscoelastic analysis of stress waves through cohesive snow in layered and 2D configurations

Journal of Glaciology
Dynamic surface loads generate stress waves in snow that can trigger slab avalanches. Previously, we determined Maxwell-viscoelastic model parameters from one-dimensional, homogeneous laboratory experiments resembling Compression Tests (CTs).
Samuel V Verplanck, Ladean R McKittrick, Edward E. Adams   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Estimating the effective elastic modulus and specific fracture energy of snowpack layers from field experiments

Journal of Glaciology, 2016
Measurements of the mechanical properties of snow are essential for improving our understanding and the prediction of snow failure and hence avalanche release. We performed fracture mechanical experiments in which a crack was initiated by a saw in a weak
ALEC VAN HERWIJNEN, JOHAN GAUME, EDWARD H. BAIR, BENJAMIN REUTER, KARL W. BIRKELAND, JÜRG SCHWEIZER   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Snow Mechanics Near the Ductile‐Brittle Transition: Compressive Stick‐Slip and Snow Microquakes

Geophysical Research Letters, 2020
The rate‐dependent mechanical response of snow is commonly believed to directly inherit the ductile‐to‐brittle transition (DBT) from the viscoplastic ice matrix.
H. Löwe, M. Zaiser, S. Mösinger, S. Schleef   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

A mechanism for the photochemical transformation of nitrate in snow [PDF]

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2007
Photochemical reactions of trace compounds in snow have important implications for the composition of the atmospheric boundary layer in snow-covered regions and for the interpretation of concentration profiles in snow and ice regarding the composition of the past atmosphere.
Hans-Werner Jacobi, Birgit Hilker
openaire   +3 more sources

Monitoring and prediction in early warning systems for rapid mass movements [PDF]

Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2015
Rapid mass movements (RMM) pose a substantial risk to people and infrastructure. Reliable and cost-efficient measures have to be taken to reduce this risk. One of these measures includes establishing and advancing the state of practice in the application
M. Stähli, M. Sättele, C. Huggel, B. W. McArdell, P. Lehmann, A. Van Herwijnen, A. Berne, M. Schleiss, A. Ferrari, A. Kos, D. Or, S. M. Springman   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

On the compressive strength of weak snow layers of depth hoar

Journal of Glaciology
We determined the compressive strength of weak layers of faceted crystals and depth hoar using artificially grown samples with a wide range of microstructural morphologies in a cold laboratory setup.
Jakob Schöttner, Melin Walet, Philipp Rosendahl, Philipp Weissgraeber, Valentin Adam, Benjamin Walter, Florian Rheinschmidt, Henning Löwe, Jürg Schweizer, Alec van Herwijnen   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source