Results 101 to 110 of about 11,310,500 (395)

The Cycle of Earnings Inequality: Evidence from Spanish Social Security Data

open access: yesSocial Science Research Network, 2012
We use detailed information on labor earnings and employment from social security records to document the evolution of earnings inequality in Spain from 1988 to 2010.
S. Bonhomme, Laura Hospido
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Structurally Colored Physically Unclonable Functions with Ultra‐Rich and Stable Encoding Capacity

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, Volume 35, Issue 12, March 18, 2025.
This study reports a design strategy for generating bright‐field resolvable physically unclonable functions with extremely rich encoding capacity coupled with outstanding thermal and chemical stability. The optical response emerges from thickness‐dependent structural color formation in ZnO features, which are fabricated by physical vapor deposition ...
Abidin Esidir   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Social Security: The Trust Fund [PDF]

open access: yes, 2013
The Social Security program pays benefits to retired or disabled workers and their family members, and to family members of deceased workers. Program income and outgo are accounted for in two separate trust funds authorized under Title II of the Social ...
Nuschler, Dawn, Sidor, Gary
core   +2 more sources

High‐Performance Low‐Emissivity Paints Enabled by N‐Doped Poly(benzodifurandione) (n‐PBDF) for Energy‐Efficient Buildings

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
This study introduces a scalable and colored low‐emissivity (low‐e) paint achieved by spraying an ultrathin n‐doped poly(benzodifurandione) (n‐PBDF) coating onto various colored substrates. The low‐e paint enhances thermal regulation by reducing mid‐infrared thermal emissivity to 0.19, thereby stabilizing indoor temperatures across diverse climates ...
Xiaojie Liu   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source

The Potential Savings to Social Security from Means Testing [PDF]

open access: yes, 2011
Means testing, or reducing Social Security payments to affluent beneficiaries, has been touted as an effective way to reduce the cost of the program.
Dean Baker, Hye Jin Rho
core  

Bi‐Directional Assembly of Boron Nitride µ‐Platelets by Micro‐Molding for Advanced Thermal Interface Materials

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
Bi‐directionally assembled BN µ‐platelets in micropatterns formed by a micro‐molding method for thermal interface materials are demonstrated. The BN µ‐platelets are vertically aligned selectively, while compressed regions without patterns accommodate horizontally assembled BN µ‐platelets. Through anisotropic orientation, high thermal conductivities for
Young Gil Kim   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

Social Security: The Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP) [PDF]

open access: yes, 2013
The windfall elimination provision (WEP) reduces the Social Security benefits of workers who also have pension benefits from employment not covered by Social Security.
Scott, Christine
core   +2 more sources

Unique Performance Considerations for Printable Organic Semiconductor and Perovskite Radiation Detectors: Toward Consensus on Best Practice Evaluation

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
A lack of standard approaches for testing and reporting the performance of metal halide perovskites and organic semiconductor radiation detectors has resulted in inconsistent interpretation of performance parameters, impeding progress in the field. This Perspective recommends key metrics and experimental details, which are suggested for reporting in ...
Jessie A. Posar   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Carbon Nanotube 3D Integrated Circuits: From Design to Applications

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
As Moore's law approaches its physical limits, carbon nanotube (CNT) 3D integrated circuits (ICs) emerge as a promising alternative due to the miniaturization, high mobility, and low power consumption. CNT 3D ICs in optoelectronics, memory, and monolithic ICs are reviewed while addressing challenges in fabrication, design, and integration.
Han‐Yang Liu   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Mortality and Length of Hospital Stay in Elderly with Hospital –Acquired Pressure Ulcer in Alborz Hospital of Karaj (2012)

open access: yesBihdād, 2018
Introduction: Pressure ulcers are serious health problems, common but preventable and defined as care quality indicator for health care provider services. Pressure ulcers had negative consequences for patients and healthcare systems.
Amir Hosein Abdi   +4 more
doaj  

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