Policy Spandrels: How Design Decisions Can Open Up Spaces for Unintended Policy Change
ABSTRACT This article introduces the concept of policy spandrels to make sense of public policies producing second‐order effects that are unintentional from the perspective of policy design and yet are fraught with consequences. By analogy with architectural spandrels—leftover spaces that can be used for unforeseen purposes—policy change can be enabled
Martino Maggetti
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Characteristics and driving factors of spatiotemporal changes in soil erosion in the karst plateau mountainous region over 20 years. [PDF]
Bai Y +5 more
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Reliability and Degradation Mechanisms of Photovoltaic Modules in Pakistan
Reliability of the PV module. ABSTRACT The number of photovoltaic (PV) installations has grown rapidly in the last 10 years in Pakistan due to the growing electricity demand, the availability of favourable solar resources, and the national renewable energy objectives.
Zafar Ullah Khan +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Cyanobacterial biocrust alters soil physical properties reducing soil erosion and aerosol production. [PDF]
Karimi A, Tahmourespour A, Hoodaji M.
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Mitigation of Soil Erosion and Enhancement of Slope Stability through the Utilization of Lignin Biopolymer. [PDF]
Bagheri P +4 more
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Evaluation of soil erosion in the Changhua River Basin on Hainan Island based on the Chinese soil loss equation model. [PDF]
Li X +7 more
europepmc +1 more source
Groundcover improves nutrition and growth of citrus trees and reduces water runoff, soil erosion and nutrient loss on sloping farmland. [PDF]
Liu R +9 more
europepmc +1 more source
Soil erosion assessment and identification of erosion hotspot areas in the upper Tekeze Basin, Northern Ethiopia. [PDF]
Fentaw AE, Abegaz A.
europepmc +1 more source
A review of the characteristics of rainfall simulators in soil erosion research studies. [PDF]
Koch T +3 more
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Soil erosion is the depletion of soil from cultivated and cultivable land by various natural agencies. Unchecked erosion leads to the deterioration of the soil and the consequent impoverish- ment of the cultivator. This important subject is now engaging the earnest attention of all agricultural countries throughout the world.
RANGASWAMI AYYANGAR G.N, KRISHNA RAO P
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