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Estimation of gross refining margin of Indian petroleum refineries using Driscoll-Kraay standard error estimator

Energy Policy, 2021
Abstract The prudent combination of technological, economic, and other factors can enhance the performance of any manufacturing unit. Indian petroleum refineries are no exception to this. In this background, an effort has been made to estimate the gross refining margin using the Fixed Effect and Random Effect Models as well as the Models of White ...
Narendra N Dalei, Pratik Mehta
exaly   +2 more sources

Standard output versus standard gross margin, a new paradigm in the EU farm economic typology: what are the implications for wine-grape growers?

Journal of Wine Research, 2014
A new farm economic typology has recently been introduced in the EU. This study compares the economic performance of wine-grape growers in four important quality wine areas of Sicily taking into account the different EU economic typology standards of standard gross margin (the old method) and standard output (the new method).
Giuseppe Di Vita   +2 more
exaly   +2 more sources

Standard gross margin for poultry

2012
The standard gross margin (SGM) is the difference between the gross product (GP) of a product and the direct proportional expenditures (DPE). The standard gross margin shall be calculated on one activity unit: surface (1 ha) or per head: SGM = GP - DPE The standard gross product at poultry is calculated per kg of meat and per 1000 eggs and includes the
Chetroiu, Rodica, Iurchevici, Lidia
openaire   +1 more source

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