Results 111 to 120 of about 125,086 (165)
Some of the next articles are maybe not open access.
Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 2014
TASH’s historic commitment to advocacy and science has enabled it to be a trusted voice for people with severe disabilities and their families. We review recent developments in the controversy over facilitated communication (FC) in light of major contextual continuities and changes in the past two decades.
George H. S. Singer +3 more
openaire +1 more source
TASH’s historic commitment to advocacy and science has enabled it to be a trusted voice for people with severe disabilities and their families. We review recent developments in the controversy over facilitated communication (FC) in light of major contextual continuities and changes in the past two decades.
George H. S. Singer +3 more
openaire +1 more source
Standard of proof should not be lowered
Veterinary Record, 2020It was disappointing to read the news article ‘Standard of proof for disciplinaries could change’ ( VR , 18 January 2020, vol 186, p 43). As a former member of the RCVS Disciplinary and Preliminary Investigation Committees I have deep concerns about changing the standard of proof from the current ‘so as to be sure’ to the civil standard ‘on balance of ...
openaire +2 more sources
2017
When can we consider that an attack is attributed, if attribution is not dependent on court proceedings? Do we need "appropriate" standards for the attribution of cyber attacks? What would such standards look like? This chapter starts by noting that there is a mismatch between how attribution functions, and how the law operates.
openaire +1 more source
When can we consider that an attack is attributed, if attribution is not dependent on court proceedings? Do we need "appropriate" standards for the attribution of cyber attacks? What would such standards look like? This chapter starts by noting that there is a mismatch between how attribution functions, and how the law operates.
openaire +1 more source
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012
This essay develops a formal framework for selecting welfare-enhancing standards of proofs. It reduces the inquiry to one equation with five variables and graphs the decision space in which each standard of proof dominates. The value of that exercise is demonstrated by applying the model in three contexts: (1) private party litigation, (2) government ...
openaire +1 more source
This essay develops a formal framework for selecting welfare-enhancing standards of proofs. It reduces the inquiry to one equation with five variables and graphs the decision space in which each standard of proof dominates. The value of that exercise is demonstrated by applying the model in three contexts: (1) private party litigation, (2) government ...
openaire +1 more source
2003
Abstract If the conclusion to which you are conducted be that there is that degree of certainty in the case which you would act upon in your own grave and important concerns, that is the degree of certainty which the law requires and which will justify you in returning a verdict of guilty.
openaire +1 more source
Abstract If the conclusion to which you are conducted be that there is that degree of certainty in the case which you would act upon in your own grave and important concerns, that is the degree of certainty which the law requires and which will justify you in returning a verdict of guilty.
openaire +1 more source
On transforming intuitionistic matrix proofs into standard-sequent proofs
1995We present a procedure transforming intuitionistic matrix proofs into proofs within the intuitionistic standard sequent calculus. The transformation is based on L. Wallen's proof justifying his matrix characterization for the validity of intuitionistic formulae.
Stephan Schmitt, Christoph Kreitz
openaire +1 more source
The Burden of Proof and Standards of Proof
Abstract This chapter assesses the meaning of the burden of proof and the interpretation of the presumption of innocence in international criminal trials. It also analyses the ‘no case to answer’ or ‘decision on a motion for a judgment of acquittal’ procedure as a function of the presumption of innocence, and how Trial Chambers have ...openaire +1 more source
2019
Abstract This chapter elaborates on the civil standard of proof universally applied by all tribunals and committees in professional conduct proceedings. The Solicitors Disciplinary Tribunal and the Bar Tribunals and Adjudication Service transitioned arrangements for the tribunal to apply the civil standard concerning allegations ...
openaire +1 more source
Abstract This chapter elaborates on the civil standard of proof universally applied by all tribunals and committees in professional conduct proceedings. The Solicitors Disciplinary Tribunal and the Bar Tribunals and Adjudication Service transitioned arrangements for the tribunal to apply the civil standard concerning allegations ...
openaire +1 more source
On the Logic of the Standard Proof Predicate
2000In [2] S. Artemov introduced the logic of proofs LP describing provability in an arbitrary system. In this paper we present the logic LPM of the standard multiple conclusion proof predicate in Peano Arithmetic with the negative introspection operation. We establish the completeness of LPM with respect to the intended arithmetical semantics.
openaire +1 more source
The trouble with standards of proof
Synthese, 2020The “beyond a reasonable doubt” standard of proof, currently used in criminal trials, is notoriously vague and undermotivated. This paper discusses two popular strategies for justifying our choice of a particular precise interpretation of the standard: the “ratio-to-standard strategy” identifies a desired ratio of trial outcomes and then argues that a ...
openaire +1 more source