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The magnetotail and substorms

Space Science Reviews, 1973
The tail plays a very active and important role in substorms. Magmetic flux eroded from the dayside magnetosphere is stored here. As more and more flux is transported to the magnetotail and stored, the boundary flares more, the field strength in the tail increases, and the currents strengthen and move closer to the earth.
C.T. Russell, R.L. McPherron
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Magnetospheric substorms

Reviews of Geophysics, 1979
A magnetospheric substorm is a transient process initiated on the night side of the earth, in which a significant amount of energy derived from the solar wind‐magnetosphere interaction is deposited in the auroral ionosphere and magnetosphere. Substorms are controlled by the interplanetary magnetic field, ceasing when it points northward for long ...
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Observations in the vicinity of substorm onset: Implications for the substorm process

Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 1995
Multi‐instrument data sets from the ground and satellites at both low and high altitude have provided new results concerning substorm onset and its source region in the magnetosphere. Twenty‐six out of 37 substorm onset events showed evidence of azimuthally spaced auroral forms (AAFs) prior to the explosive poleward motion associated with optical ...
Elphinstone, R.   +17 more
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Convection and Substorms

1996
The magnetosphere is the region where cosmic rays and the solar wind interact with the Earth's magnetic field, creating such phenomena as the northern lights and other aurorae. The configuration and dynamics of the magnetosphere are of interest to planetary physicists, geophysicists, plasma astrophysicists, and to scientists planning space missions ...
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Substorms on Mercury?

Journal of Geophysical Research, 1975
Qualitative similarities between some of the variations in the Mercury encounter data and variations in the corresponding regions of the earth's magnetosphere during substorms are pointed out. The Mariner 10 data on Mercury show a strong interaction between the solar wind and the plant similar to a scaled down version of that for the earth's ...
G. L. Siscoe, N. F. Ness, C. M. Yeates
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The Reconnection Substorm

1996
The reconnection model of magnetospheric substorms was designed 20 years ago to rationalize the time-dependent changes in the magnetospheric structure associated with auroral substorms. By 1970, it was becoming apparent that there was a characteristic sequence of events prior to auroral onset: The dayside magnetopause moved earthward, the inner edge of
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Magnetospheric substorms

Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics, 1992
Magnetospheric substorms encompass a myriad of dynamical phenomena resulting from the coupling of the solar wind with the Earth’s magnetic field and the ionosphere. Although external solar wind conditions conducive to substorm development are generally regarded as identified, the precise cause for substorm onset remains an outstanding unresolved ...
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The occurrence rate of magnetospheric‐substorm onsets: Random and periodic substorms

Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 1993
Particle‐injection events are monitored on three geosynchronous satellites to determine the occurrences of magnetospheric substorms: for every consecutive pair of substorms found, the time interval Δt between substorm onsets is determined. In this manner, 1001 values of Δt are obtained.
Joseph E. Borovsky   +2 more
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Triggered Substorms

1996
Do events in the solar wind “trigger” substorms, or do substorms occur independently? Is there a difference between triggered and untriggered substorms? What kinds of events trigger onsets? Expansions? Can we learn about their physics from the things that do and do not trigger them?
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The Auroral Substorm

1996
Around the time the steady convection model was being developed, Akasofu (1964) was arranging ground-based magnetometer and all-sky camera observations of the complex time dependence of nightside auroral activity into the central phenomenological conception of tune-dependent magnetospheric physics—the auroral substorm.
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