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Surface temperature and temperature gradients of human teeth in situ
Archives of Oral Biology, 1966Abstract The surface temperature and temperature gradients of the six maxillary anterior teeth were measured for fourteen human subjects. The teeth were isolated with a rubber dam and a small thermocouple was used to measure temperature. The average surface temperature from all teeth tested was 30.6 °C.
A C, Brown, M P, Goldberg
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Effects of temperature and temperature gradients on ion-sensitive microelectrodes
Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 1988Ion-sensitive microelectrodes are widely used in studies of mammalian tissues. Often the tissue is maintained at 37 degrees C, some 10-15 degrees C above room temperature. The temperature difference between the room and the preparation was found to be capable of altering the measured ion potential by as much as 10 mV.
K H, Reid, R, Marrannes, A, Wauquier
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Enhanced warming constrained by past trends in equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature gradient
Nature Climate Change, 2020M. Watanabe +4 more
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Superconductors in a temperature gradient
Superconductor Science and Technology, 1995In the mixed state of a type II superconductor quasiparticles and magnetic flux quanta respond to a temperature gradient by thermal diffusion, in this way generating the Seebeck and Nernst effects, respectively. Our understanding of the Seebeck effect originates from an extension of the two-fluid counterflow concept, originally introduced by Ginzburg ...
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Metals in a Temperature Gradient
1990An electric current is a flow of charge; a heat current is a flow of thermal energy. An electron moving with velocity v contributes — ev to the electric current, and it contributes eTv to the heat current, where eT is the thermal energy of the electron. But what is the ‘thermal energy’ of an electron?
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Temperature‐gradient observations
Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 1943In connection with studies of evaporation, which the Soil Conservation Service is conducting, it was found necessary to make a detailed study of the temperature‐structure of the lower atmosphere.In order to achieve the degree of sensitivity respired for the study, thermocouple‐junctions constructed of No. 30 copper and constantan wire were used.
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On coronal temperatures, temperature gradients and compositions
Solar Physics, 1977Average solar wind properties at 1 AU either alone or together with the electron density distribution are used to obtain or review some results that relate coronal temperatures, temperature gradients, and compositions. Measured values of the temperature (T) and the temperature gradient parameter are used to find compositions that satisfy the equations ...
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Diffusion in a Temperature Gradient
1983Diffusion in systems containing a mixture of chemical components is generally associated with a spatial non-uniformity of composition, but it can also arise from non-uniformity of other properties. The effect we are concerned with in these lectures is diffusion caused by a temperature gradient, which is known as thermotransport — the concept which was ...
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