LEADING, LAGGING, SYNCHRONIZED? BUSINESS CYCLES OF EU COUNTRIES BEYOND EUROZONE [PDF]
, 2014 The theory of optimum currency area is an important reference point in analyses of monetary integration processes. According to the optimum currency area theory one of the most important factors for countries planning to form a monetary union is business
Piłat, Katarzyna
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Perspektywy przystąpienia Polski do Unii Ekonomicznej i Monetarnej - problemy konwergencji nominalnej i realnej [PDF]
, 2007 Wydrukowano z dostarczonych Wydawnictwu UŁ gotowych materiałów.Real convergence means, as it has been mentioned above, the process of approaching the average level economic development in the EMU countries by the countries aspiring to join the EMU ...
Bukowski, Sławomir
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Teoretyczne podstawy integracji walutowej w Unii Europejskiej [PDF]
, 2011 The monetary integration within the European Union is a complicated and complex process. At the same time it’s an unique process both in economical and political terms. Creating a single currency area has a strong theoretical underpinning.
Wojtczak, Grażyna
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Proces konwergencji nominalnej i realnej w warunkach integracji walutowej [PDF]
, 2009 Utworzenie EUGiW jest kolejnym etapem integracji walutowej. Ze względu na zróżnicowanie krajów członkowskich UE nie każde z nich odnosi jednakowe korzyści lub w takim samym stopniu ponosi koszty z uczestnictwa w strefie euro.
Pietryka, Ilona
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Integracja monetarna i zarządzanie rezerwami walutowymi [PDF]
The paper examines the management of foreign exchange reserves in countries under monetary integration. Central banks in European Union countries exert a major influence on global financial markets because they manage a common pool of foreign exchange ...
Młodkowski, Paweł
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Wolność gospodarcza w teorii i praktyce [PDF]
, 2022 The presented work is devoted to comparative analysis of theory and practice of free market, to exploring the possibilities of implementing economic liberalismand its consequences.
Polak, Ewa, Polak, Waldemar
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Nieadekwatność polityki pieniężnej Europejskiego Banku Centralnego w procesie stabilizacji makroekonomicznej w strefie euro [PDF]
The article examines the single monetary policy of the European Central Bank (ECB) in terms of whether it meets the stabilization needs of eurozone member states. The analysis indicates that, during the latest economic downturn in the euro area, the bank’
Urbanowicz, Zuzanna
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Ekonomia polityczna jako interdyscyplinarne podejście do studiów nad integracją europejską [PDF]
, 2016 The objective of the article is to see the studies on European integration from the perspective of the political economy, which allows to capture the two most important dimensions of the European Union, that is the economic and political one.
Riedel, Rafał
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Integracja Litwy, Łotwy i Estonii z Unią Gospodarczą i Walutową w kontekście nominalnych kryteriów konwergencji [PDF]
, 2010 The aim of the article is the analysis and comparison of the level and the determinants of preparation of Latria, Lithuania and Estonia for entering eurozone in the context of nominal convergence criteria.
Markiewicz, Magdalena
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Development of the Optimum Currency Areas theory : some issues [PDF]
, 2004 This paper gives a sketch of some theoretical foundations, showing the development of the Optimum Currency Areas theory. It presents OCA properties, the fulfillment of which is a precondition to consider a chosen geographic domain as an optimum currency ...
Jurek, Michał
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