Fronting in Old Catalan: Asymmetries between Narration and Reported Speech1
Abstract This article explores the distribution, syntax, and information structure of XVS clauses in the narrative text and the reported speech of a thirteenth‐century Old Catalan chronicle, the Llibre dels Fets. It is shown that XVS occurs mainly within reported speech and in embedded clauses.
Afra Pujol i Campeny
wiley +1 more source
The importance of papal and imperial privileges for the Teutonic Order increased in the conflictual period between the Order and Polonia/Lithuania in the years following 1386, when polish lawyers began to doubt all its privileges on a general base.
Přemysl Bar
doaj +1 more source
Loanwords and Linguistic Phylogenetics: *pelek̑u‐ ‘axe’ and *(H)a(i̯)g̑‐ ‘goat’1
Abstract This paper assesses the role of borrowings in two different approaches to linguistic phylogenetics: Traditional qualitative analyses of lexemes, and quantitative computational analysis of cognacy. It problematises the assumption that loanwords can be excluded altogether from datasets of lexical cognacy.
Simon Poulsen
wiley +1 more source
Świat wartości swoich i obcych w Krzyżakach Henryka Sienkiewicza [PDF]
The article discusses the linguistic devices of the evaluation of the characters created in the realities of the novel (fictitious and historical) connected with two opposite groups: the Poles (domestic) and the Teutonic Knights (foreign).
Mariak, Leonarda
core +2 more sources
Romance Loans in Middle Dutch and Middle English: Retained or Lost? A Matter of Metre1
Abstract Romance words have been borrowed into all medieval West‐Germanic languages. Modern cognates show that the metrical patterns of loans can differ although the Germanic words remain constant: loan words Dutch kolónie, English cólony, German Koloníe compared with Germanic words Dutch wéduwe, English wídow, German Wítwe.
Johanneke Sytsema, Aditi Lahiri
wiley +1 more source
History of Poland during the Middle Ages [PDF]
The present book “Poland – History, Culture and Society. Selected Readings” is the third edition of a collection of academic texts written with the intention to accompany the module by providing incoming students with teaching materials that will assist ...
Kowalska-Pietrzak, Anna
core
Linguistic Evidence Suggests that Xiōng‐nú and Huns Spoke the Same Paleo‐Siberian Language
Abstract The Xiōng‐nú were a tribal confederation who dominated Inner Asia from the third century BC to the second century AD. Xiōng‐nú descendants later constituted the ethnic core of the European Huns. It has been argued that the Xiōng‐nú spoke an Iranian, Turkic, Mongolic or Yeniseian language, but the linguistic affiliation of the Xiōng‐nú and the ...
Svenja Bonmann, Simon Fries
wiley +1 more source
Misterium Caritatis: Christian Values in the Polish School of the Law of Nations (Ius Gentium) [PDF]
The Polish medieval theory of the law of nations (ius gentium) was born in the nation’s conflict with the Order of Teutonic Knights, which pursued a bloody military expansion into Eastern Europe under the pretext of converting pagans, invoking the ...
Wanda Bajor
doaj +1 more source
Poland after the Thirteen Years’ War (1454–1466): The Scope of Political and Structural Changes
The war of Poland with the Teutonic Knights Order in the years 1454–1466, ended with the peace of Toruń 1466, had a significant impact on the increase in the importance of Poland’s position in Europe, which was reflected in the subordination of the ...
Dariusz Makiłła
doaj +1 more source
In subsidium: the declining contribution of Germany and Eastern Europe to the Crusades to the Holy Land, 1221-91 [PDF]
"Though for a short time the Lord had forsaken it [the Holy Land], with great mercy he gathered together his children and restored the whole land's people from men of different races and diverse languages and nations, so that therein the prophecy seemed ...
Morton, N
core

