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Thermal stratification within the water tank
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009To sufficiently store and use high-quality heat energy, thermal stratification is gradually applied in many kinds of energy storage fields such as solar thermal utilization system. Because of the unsteady characteristics of solar radiation, thermal storage becomes very essential in long-term operation of heating load.
Y.M. Han, R.Z. Wang, Y.J. Dai
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Thermal Stratification in Closed Cryogenic Containers
1969In the absence of agitation [1] or any effective means [2] to provide heat paths vertically, thermal stratification is a rather common occurrence in cryogens stored in cryogenic containers. Stratification results because the warmer layer has the lower density, and the fluid itself is a poor heat conductor.
S. C. Fan, J. C. Chu, L. E. Scott
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Thermal Stratification in a Steel Ladle
Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 2001AbstractThe present paper describes a numerical investigation of thermal stratification in a ladle with molten steel with and without gas injection. Transient flow and thermal stratification in the ladle without gas injection is first simulated. The ladle refractory layers including the working lining, safety lining, insulation layer and steel shell ...
J.L. Xia, T. Ahokainen
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Thermal stratification in hot storage-tanks
Applied Energy, 1990Abstract This experimental investigation was conducted as a support activity for the development at Sulaibiyah, which has a 22m 3 stratified tank to act as a buffer reservoir between the paraboloid-dish solar collector and the toluence turbine energy-conversion device. The results show that the disturbed zone is 1500 mm thick (i.e.
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Thermal stratification and reactor piping integrity
Nuclear Engineering and Design, 1993Abstract Thermal stratification, cycling, and striping phenomena have drawn much attention recently because of the incidents at several nuclear plants that raised significant safety concerns. The concerns due to these phenomena relate to thermal fatigue in branch pipes connected to the main coolant piping.
J.H. Kim, R.M. Roidt, A.F. Deardorff
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Mývatn cave pond thermal stratification
data and code for analysis of thermal gradients of Mývatn cave ...Haines, Grant E. +4 more
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Weather‐Based Variations in Thermal Stratification
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1986A one-dimensional mixed-layer mathematical model of thermal stratification was used to evaluate the sensitivity of stratification conditions in a future reservoir to natural variations in attendant meteorological conditions. Weather data collected for 13 years at the National Weather Service (NWS) Station in Allentown, Pennsylvania, were included in ...
Steven W. Effler +3 more
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On thermal stratification in stagnant lakes
International Journal of Engineering Science, 1980Abstract Exact analytical solutions have been found for the vertical temperature distribution in a stagnant lake or tank, subject to surface heating, for a variety boundary and initial conditions. The propagation of heat has been assumed to be due solely to molecular diffusion, convection and eddy viscosity being neglected.
Girgis, S. S., Smith, A. C.
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Simulation on thermal stratification and de-stratification in liquefied gas tanks
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013Abstract The phenomena of thermal stratification and de-stratification in liquefied gas tanks with heat leak through the side wall were researched numerically. The calculating model developed on ANSYS FLUENT 12.0 was verified through the experimental results from literature.
Jing-Jie Ren +4 more
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The DCS Thermal Stratification Tank
1986Thermal stratification (thermocline) tanks allow storage of energy at different temperatures by taking advantage of the thermal characteristics of a fluid. The benefits of a stratification tank can be shown by its use in the DCS plant: Using only one tank, two different temperatures are available, feeding the fields with low-temperature oil from ...
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