Results 31 to 40 of about 3,751 (211)
History, EarlyView.Abstract This article examines the poll tax (Ottoman Turkish cizye; Arabic jizya) levied on non‐Muslim subjects of the Ottoman Empire, not as a fixed, one‐dimensional tax item within the Ottoman fiscal system but as a multi‐layered administrative instrument organized around obligation, exemption and remission.
ÖZLEM BAŞARIR
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Troska biskupa Wawrzyńca o należne Kościołowi wrocławskiemu dziesięciny
Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny, 2015 In the thirteenth century hierarchs of the church of the diocese of Silesia strove for church liberation from the sovereign power of the state, to obtain complete autonomous individuality, to subject the state and society to canonical rules and ...
Norbert Jerzak
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Tewdwr: Eponymous Ancestor of the Tudor Dynasty
History, EarlyView.Abstract The standard derivation of the dynastic name Tudor from Welsh Tudur, surname of the grandfather of Henry VII, is problematic on phonological grounds, as well as the fact that Tudur was never used as a surname by Henry himself, being attributed to him only by his enemies with implication of lowly origins.
DAFYDD JOHNSTON
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Zakat sebagai Pendapatan Asli Daerah dalam Undang-Undang Pemerintahan Aceh
Kanun, 2016 ABSTRAK. Zakat sebagai salah satu penerimaan asli daerah masuk dalam sistem tata kelola keuangan negara yang dikelola oleh Baitul Mal. Lembaga ini merupakan amil zakat resmi yang dibentuk Pemerintah Aceh sebagai lembaga nonstruktural dan bersifat ...
Armiadi Musa
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300 Years of Degradation in Wales Estuaries and Coasts
Natural Resources Forum, EarlyView.ABSTRACT The world's oceans are in a severe state of degradation, yet our understanding of that degradation is often based on changes observed only in the past 20–50 years. This narrow view leads to marine conservation efforts that aim to preserve already degraded ecosystems, shaped by shifted ecological baselines.
Richard K. F. Unsworth +3 more
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The Economic History Review, EarlyView.Abstract The 1430s were characterized by extreme weather conditions, food and fodder shortages, and high mortalities among animals and humans, although the severity of events and their consequences in England have received limited attention. The economic downturn and the depressed customary land market in this decade marked the beginning of the Great ...
Mark Bailey
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PERUMUSAN MANAJEMEN STRATEGI PEMBERDAYAAN ZAKAT
Jurnal Hukum Islam, 2014 Strategy management is art and science of strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation of decisions that enable organizations to reach their goals, focus on the process of goal-setting organization, develope policies and plans to achieve the ...
Siti Aminah Chaniago
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African Journal of Pentecostal StudiesBackground: This article explores the Church of Pentecost’s (CoP) theology of tithes and its intersection with sustainable development in Ghana. This research is grounded on the theory that the CoP through the Pentecost Social Services (PENTSOS) as well ...
Emmanuel A. Kenin
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Problematika desátků v raně středověkých Čechách [PDF]
Český Časopis HistorickýThe issue of tithes in the early medieval Bohemian state, especially the socalled six-denarii episcopal tithe, could provide a historical context for the mass finds of coins from the end of the 10th century, among which the recent ...
Pavel Bolina
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The Economic History Review, EarlyView.Abstract To persuade creditors to lend, cities in the Low Countries relied on a community responsibility system that made all citizens personally liable for public debt. This exposed itinerant citizens to significant risks: their merchandise could be confiscated by creditors, and they could even be imprisoned for debt.
Jaco Zuijderduijn
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