The Autistic Toe Walking: A Narrative Review for Interventions and Comparison with Idiopathic Toe Walking [PDF]
ChildrenBackground/Objectives: Idiopathic toe walking (ITW) is a diagnosis of exclusion in children who demonstrate a persistent toe-walking gait without an identifiable underlying neuromuscular or orthopedic pathology. The classification of toe-walking behavior
Luiz Renato Agrizzi de Angeli +2 more
doaj +4 more sources
Autism and toe-walking: Are they related? Trends and treatment patterns between 2005 and 2016 [PDF]
Journal of Children's Orthopaedics, 2019 Purpose This study quantified toe-walking trends and treatment decisions in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the United States between 2005 and 2016 using a large national private-payer database. Methods A retrospective database review was
J Leyden, Lawrence K Fung
exaly +3 more sources
NGS-Panel Diagnosis Developed for the Differential Diagnosis of Idiopathic Toe Walking and Its Application for the Investigation of Possible Genetic Causes for the Gait Anomaly [PDF]
Global Medical Genetics, 2023 Idiopathic toe walking (ITW) describes a condition affecting approximately 4.5% of children. Toe walking is an accompanying symptom for many hereditary disorders. This retrospective study uses next-generation sequencing-panel-diagnosis to investigate the
David Pomarino +9 more
doaj +2 more sources
Toe Walking as the Initial Symptom of a Spinocerebellar Ataxia 13 in a Patient Presenting with a Mutation in the KCNC3 Gene [PDF]
Global Medical Genetics, 2022 This article at hand described a 4-year-old child patient who initially presented with the symptoms of toe walking. As part of the diagnostic process, the patient was genetically tested to find the cause of the gait anomaly.
David Pomarino +4 more
doaj +2 more sources
Recurrent Toe Walking in Pediatric Orthopedic Patients: Idiopathic vs Concomitant Sensory Processing Disorders [PDF]
Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics, 2023 Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare rates of recurrent toe-walking following operative intervention between idiopathic toe walkers and toe walkers with associated sensory processing/autism spectrum disorders ...
Jacob R. Zide MD +5 more
doaj +2 more sources
Altered Muscle Contributions are Required to Support the Stance Limb During Voluntary Toe-Walking [PDF]
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 2022 Toe-walking characterizes several neuromuscular conditions and is associated with a reduction in gait stability and efficiency, as well as in life quality. The optimal choice of treatment depends on a correct understanding of the underlying pathology and
Enrico De Pieri +11 more
doaj +2 more sources
The Management of Toe Walking in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: “Cast and Go” [PDF]
Children, 2022 Background: Toe walking is associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Correction of this “behavior” is a health challenge. The toe walker is affected by the contact refusal with the outside world: touching the ground as little as possible, trying ...
Francesco Manfredi +3 more
doaj +2 more sources
Pediatric toe-walking cohort with heterozygous SBF1 variants: A phenotypic description [PDF]
Global Medical GeneticsPurpose: Persistent toe walking is frequently labeled idiopathic; however, targeted genetic testing in selected cohorts can identify variants in genes implicated in neuromuscular disease.
David Pomarino +4 more
doaj +2 more sources
Does botulinum toxin A improve the walking pattern in children with idiopathic toe-walking?
Journal of Children's Orthopaedics, 2010 Background Numerous recommendations have been made for treating idiopathic toe-walking (ITW), but the treatment results have been questioned. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether botulinum toxin A (BTX) improves the walking pattern in ITW
Elena M Gutierrez-Farewik +2 more
exaly +2 more sources
Clinical and regional distribution of TTN variants in toe walking: A descriptive cohort study [PDF]
Global Medical GeneticsBackground: The TTN gene encodes titin, a key structural protein of the sarcomere. Variants in TTN are frequently identified in genetic testing, but their clinical interpretation remains challenging due to their high prevalence in the general population ...
David Pomarino +4 more
doaj +2 more sources