Results 281 to 290 of about 1,624,943 (326)

Ordering effects in nested ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ contingent valuation designs

Ecological Economics, 2003
Abstract Within a contingent valuation (CV) survey ordering effects are defined where responses to a given question vary in a theoretically unanticipated manner according to the positioning of that question relative to others in the survey instrument.
Powe NA, Bateman IJ
openaire   +2 more sources

Designing redox metalloproteins from bottom-up and top-down perspectives

Current Opinion in Structural Biology, 2003
The design of redox-active metalloproteins has been approached from two different directions. The de novo design approach has recently reached an important stage, at which structural information on several different designed metalloproteins has been obtained. This new information highlights the real challenge of this approach.
openaire   +2 more sources

Mechanistic Pavement Design Considering Bottom-Up and Top-Down-Cracking

2012
Pavement design and pavement life-time estimation are generally realized by using mechanistic-empiric pavement design tools. In this paper an improved design procedure is presented that integrates bottom-up-fatigue-cracking and low-temperature-induced top-down-fatigue-cracking in a narrow time-scale. Considering a design period of decades (e. g.
A. Walther, M. Wistuba
openaire   +1 more source

Robust Tracking via Combing Top-Down and Bottom-Up Attention

IEEE transactions on circuits and systems for video technology (Print)
Transformer attention plays an important role in current top-performing trackers. However, it is bottom-up, driven by stimulus and lacks intrinsic prior guidance. This bottom-up attention mechanism leads to an emphasis on all objects in the input images,
Ning Li, Bineng Zhong, Yaozong Zheng, Qihua Liang, Zhiyi Mo, Shuxiang Song   +5 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Joint Top-Down and Bottom-Up Frameworks for 3D Visual Grounding

International Conference on Pattern Recognition
This paper tackles the challenging task of 3D visual grounding-locating a specific object in a 3D point cloud scene based on text descriptions. Existing methods fall into two categories: top-down and bottom-up methods.
Yang Liu, Daizong Liu, Wei Hu
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Improvement of student learning experience via an interdisciplinary undergraduate research project with top-down design and bottom-up implementation

2017 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC), 2017
In this paper, we present an interdisciplinary undergraduate research project administered in an extracurricular setting as a means to complement student's learning in design-oriented courses and laboratory exercises in electrical engineering. We also examine its effectiveness in improving student learning experience and technical competency.
Wookwon Lee, Nicholas B. Conklin
openaire   +1 more source

Comparing Top-Down and Bottom-Up Cluster Initiatives from a Principal-Agent Perspective: What We Can Learn for Designing Governance Regimes

Schmalenbach Business Review, 2014
Cluster initiatives are either initiated top down by public administrations or bottom up by private firms to strengthen cooperation of regional firms and institutions. We compare the governance regimes of top-down and bottom-up cluster initiatives by using a classic principal-agent framework comprising task setting, assignment of decision rights ...
Carola Jungwirth, Elisabeth F. Müller
openaire   +1 more source

Top-Down Bottom-Up Design Methodology for Fast and Reliable Serdes Developments in nm Technologies

2008
This paper describes the development of high speed serial data communication links from the viewpoint of signal and circuit complexity. It proposes a development method to deal in qreliable and affordable with the increasing complexity. Two example implementations are discussed: a 10 Gbps link in 0.13 μm CMOS and a 2.5 Gbps PCI-Express link in 90 nm ...
openaire   +1 more source

Power Plant Design using Allam Cycle CCS; Top-Down Approach to Influencing Carbon Capture and Sequestration Policy: Why the Bottom Up Approach Will Fail in Generating Effective Policy for CCS Technologies

2021
There is substantial data indicating that the globe is undergoing a period of rapid and human caused warning. The international panel on climate change lists anthropogenic CO¬2 emissions as the primary reason for this period of warming. Current statistics show that temperatures are already 1 oC warmer on average than preindustrial times and to ...
openaire   +1 more source

Multimodal Microorganism Development: Integrating Top-Down Biological Engineering with Bottom-Up Rational Design.

Trends in Biotechnology, 2020
M. Dahabieh, J. Thevelein, B. Gibson
semanticscholar   +1 more source