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Torpor and hibernation

1996
Abstract All animals have a daily cycle of activity, carrying out the tasks essential to their individual survival, and those required to pass on their genes to the next generation. All of these tasks consume energy, which comes from metabolising the food they eat. Life is a continuous attempt to balance the input:output equation: energy
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Torpor and hibernation

2017
A diurnal (circadian) rhythm in body temperature is a widespread, and possibly universal, feature of endotherms. Some mammals and birds down-regulate their metabolic rate significantly by night, allowing their body temperature to drop sufficiently that they become inactive and enter torpor.
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The Other Functions of Torpor

2012
Although energy conservation by cold-climate adult endotherms in winter is often viewed as the main function of torpor, recent evidence suggests that this may not always be the case. We examined whether other functions of torpor may be equally or even more important in some instances.
Fritz Geiser, R. Mark Brigham
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Patterns and Expression of Torpor

2021
Torpor is used by many birds and mammals. However, despite the number and diversity of species, it seems only two major patterns have been favoured by natural selection. In most heterothermic endotherms torpor is characterized by either a daily occurrence (‘daily torpor’ in the ‘daily heterotherms’), which often use torpor throughout the year, or ...
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Torpor and Digestion in Food‐Storing Hibernators

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 2001
Many species of hibernating mammals rely on hoarded food rather than body fat to support winter energy requirements. Here, we evaluate whether the associated ingestive and digestive requirements reduce the benefits that food-storing hibernators can accrue from torpor.
M M, Humphries, D W, Thomas, D L, Kramer
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Leptin: the “skinny” on torpor

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 2004
outside of the tropics, winter can pose a significant threat to survival because food availability wanes as the ambient temperatures decrease and energy requirements for thermoregulation increase.
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Evolution of Endothermy and Torpor

2021
Superficially, torpor may appear to be a partial reversion to an ectothermic state, and it is widely assumed that this is the case. However, as we have seen, torpid animals are not ectothermic because they are able to defend Tb during torpor using endogenous heat production and also have the ability to rewarm from torpor.
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Torpor

2022
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Sleep, torpor and hibernation

1992
Both ectotherms and endo therms encounter lower temperatures at night, especially on land, than they do during the day. If they live at temperate or high latitudes they will also face lower temperatures in the winter than in the summer. These temperature differences tend also to be associated with fluctuations in food availability.
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