Results 261 to 270 of about 192,643 (302)

The geometric theory of adaptive evolution: trade-off and invasion plots

Journal of Theoretical Biology, 2005
The purpose of this paper is to take an entirely geometrical path to determine the evolutionary properties of ecological systems subject to trade-offs. In particular we classify evolutionary singularities in a geometrical fashion. To achieve this, we study trade-off and invasion plots (TIPs) which show graphically the outcome of evolution from the ...
Bowers, Roger G., Hoyle, Andrew, White, Andrew, Boots, Michael   +3 more
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Trade-Offs in the Study of Culture and Development: Theories, Methods, and Values

Child Development, 2000
Abstract The commentators are unanimous in their support for our general orientation to culture and development, and for the pathways we have identified, and they suggest ways to enrich our approach to theory, methods, and values. We view their main suggestions as relating to trade-offs: between theories that highlight generalizations
F, Rothbaum, M, Pott, H, Azuma, K, Miyake, J, Weisz   +4 more
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Statistical decision theory and trade-offs in the control of motor response

Spatial Vision, 2003
We present a novel approach to the modeling of motor responses based on statistical decision theory. We begin with the hypothesis that subjects are ideal motion planners who choose movement trajectories to minimize expected loss. We derive predictions of the hypothesis for movement in environments where contact with specified regions carries rewards or
Julia, Trommershäuser, Laurence T, Maloney, Michael S, Landy   +2 more
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Cognitive trade-offs in scientific theorizing as an aspect of cognitivism in information science (the theory of cognitive trade-offs)

Научно-техническая информация. Серия 1: Организация и методика информационной работы, 2023
Концепция «когнитивных компромиссов» рассматривается в качестве одного из базовых построений, на которых основывается новое научное направление - когнитивная информатика, развиваемое автором. Вводится понятие «научная парадоксальность» как фактор, присущий исследовательской сфер и являющийся одновременно условием её дальнейшего развития.
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Testing the Pecking Order Theory and Trade-Off Theory of Capital Structure

2009 International Conference on Management and Service Science, 2009
This paper tests traditional capital structure models against the alternative of a pecking order model of corporate finance in Chinese stock market. We show that, the basic pecking order model, which predicts external debt financing driven by the internal financial deficit, has much greater explanatory power over the capital structure of Chinese listed
Yanxi Li, Yang Wang, Chunyan Zheng, Hong Yao   +3 more
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Testing Models of Dynamic Trade Off Theory

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2007
Dynamic trade off theory suggests that firms let their leverage ratios vary within an optimal range. I develop an empirical model that estimates how the determinants of capital structure affect the two boundaries that define firms' optimal leverage ranges. Empirical evidence supports the predictions of dynamic trade off theory. Volatility increases the
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The Employment–Hours Trade‐off: Theory and an Application to the Portuguese Case

LABOUR, 2004
Abstract.  Using traditional production theory, it is possible to estimate production functions in which hours per worker and number of workers hired are treated as endogenous and chosen by the firm, priced respectively by the variable hourly wage and the so‐called quasi‐fixed unit cost.
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Use of trade‐off theory to advance understanding of herbivore–parasite interactions

Mammal Review, 2006
ABSTRACTTrade‐off theory has been extensively used to further our understanding of animal behaviour. In mammalian herbivores, it has been used to advance our understanding of their reproductive, parental care and foraging strategies. Here, we detail how trade‐off theory can be applied to herbivore–parasite interactions, especially in foraging ...
Hutchings, Michael R., Judge, Johanna, Gordon, Iain J., Athanasiadou, Spiridoula, Kyriazakis, Ilias   +4 more
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Theory and Practice of Time-Space Trade-Offs in Memory Limited Search

2001
Having to cope with memory limitations is an ubiquitous issue in heuristic search. We present theoretical and practical results on new variants for exploring state-space with respect to memory limitations.We establish O(log n) minimum-space algorithms that omit both the open and the closed list to determine the shortest path between every two nodes and
Edelkamp, S., Meyer, U.
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Modigliani-Miller Proposition and Trade-off Theory

2016
This chapter considers the three basic ideas of capital structure. The capital structure irrelevance idea, the debt tax shield, and the link between expected bankruptcy costs and optimal capital structure. All of these ideas attempt to provide an answer to the following question: can the firm increase its value by changing its capital structure?
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