Results 221 to 230 of about 12,980 (251)

An overview of the technology used to remove trihalomethane (THM), trihalomethane precursors, and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) from water and wastewater

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2018
Abstract In developing countries such as Malaysia, chlorination is a popular and inexpensive technique for disinfecting water before distribution to consumers. However, the chlorination process results in the formation of low concentrations of toxic trihalomethanes (THMs), which may, over long periods of exposure, lead to adverse effects in consumers.
Fathiyyah Mohd Zainudin, Hassimi Abu Hasan, Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Controlling trihalomethanes while attaining disinfection

Journal AWWA, 1981
Chloroform, the most common trihalomethane (THM) in drinking water, has been shown to be a carcinogen in rodents and thus poses a risk to consumers of drinking water. Reduction of THMs can be accomplished by using a disinfectant that does not generate THMs, by reducing precursor concentrations prior to chlorination, or by reducing THMs after formation.
Craig Vogt, Stig Regli
openaire   +1 more source

Catalytic Degradation of Trihalomethanes

1984
Abstract : The chlorination of waters containing humic and other organic substances leads to the formation of trihalomethanes (THMS). These compounds are suspected carcinogens and pose a health hazard. Their formation and removal after chlorination is of interest to the Army because of the exclusive use of hypochlorite for disinfection.
Michael Burns, Louanna J. Baxter, Steven H. Hoke   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Trihalomethane formation in whirlpool SPAs

Water Research, 1987
Abstract In a survey of 25 whirlpool spas using halogen disinfectants, the only organohalide contaminant observed in the water and in the air at concentrations in excess of 1 μg l−1 (water) and 1 μg m−3 (air) was the trihalomethane corresponding to the disinfectant used.
Frank M. Benoit, R. Jackson
openaire   +1 more source

Evaluating GAC for Trihalomethane Control

Journal AWWA, 1991
The primary objectives of this study were to optimize granular activated carbon (GAC) treatment to meet more stringent trihalomethane (THM) standards, to estimate the costs of optimized GAC treatment, to identify by‐products of the final disinfection of GAC‐treated water, and to assess the ability of the rapid small‐scale column test (RSSCT) to ...
Michael J. McGuire, Marshall K. Davis, Carol H. Tate, E. Marco Aieta, Elaine W. Howe, John C. Crittenden   +5 more
openaire   +1 more source

Storage Tank Aeration Eliminates Trihalomethanes

Opflow, 2008
This article discusses an aeration process for reducing the trihalomethanes in a distribution system. This method was developed by the Solano Irrigation District of Suisun City, California in order to comply with disinfectant/disinfection byproducts regulations.
Carol Walfoort, Michael J. Messina, Dean Miner   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Ann Arbor Controls Trihalomethanes

Journal AWWA, 1984
Many water treatment plants in the United States were not initially designed to control the formation of trihalomethanes as by‐products of existing disinfection practices. New methods were needed to meet the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations for total trihalomethanes (TTHMs), so many water purveyors began modifying existing treatment ...
openaire   +1 more source

Low trihalomethane formation in Korean drinking water

Science of The Total Environment, 2003
Organics in water have the potential to generate harmful disinfection by-products (DBPs) such as trihalomethanes (THMs) during the chlorination process. To clarify the regulatory implications of Korean THMs levels which appear to be significantly lower than those in the US where the Stage 1 and 2 D/DBPs rule has been promulgated, the characteristics of
Jeyong, Yoon, Youshik, Choi, Soonhang, Cho, Dongsoo, Lee   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Toxicological aspects of trihalomethanes: a systematic review

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019
Chlorine is considered the most used chemical agent for water disinfection worldwide. However, water chlorination can lead to by-product generation which can be toxic to humans. The present study aimed to perform a systematic review on the toxicity of trihalomethanes (THMs) through bioindicators of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity.
Luciana, de Castro Medeiros, Feliphe Lacerda Souza, de Alencar, Julio Alejandro, Navoni, André Luis Calado, de Araujo, Viviane Souza, do Amaral   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Modelling trihalomethanes formation in water supply systems

Environmental Technology, 2013
Chlorination is the most widely used method for disinfection of drinking water, but there are concerns about the formation of by-products, such as trihalomethanes (THMs), since the chronic exposure to them may pose risks to human health. For these reasons regulations fix maximum acceptable THMs levels throughout distribution networks, so it is very ...
Di Cristo C., Esposito G., Leopardi A.
openaire   +3 more sources