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Satellite Monitoring of Volcanoes
1996Ever-increasing population densities of volcanic regions around the world dictate that the potential risks of any eruption are also increasing. Rapid developments in remote-sensing science in recent years vastly expand our capabilities to monitor volcanoes across the entire electromagnetic spectrum.
P. W. Francis +2 more
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Gravity Monitoring of Volcanoes
2022The Earth's gravity field varies over time due to external and internal causes, but in minute proportions compared to its average value. The basic principle of microgravity monitoring is that changes in Earth's gravity can reflect deep mass transfer processes, often associated with surface deformation.
Gailler, Lydie-Sarah +2 more
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Monitoring remote volcanoes: The 2010–2012 unrest at Sotará volcano (Colombia)
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2017Abstract Sotara is a little known andesitic-dacitic stratovolcano in southern Colombia (Central Cordillera, Cauca Department). Its remote location and the lack of accessible roads make studying and monitoring Sotara volcano difficult. No historical eruptions are known, though there is current geothermal activity. Between the fall of 2010 and the fall
Alpala, Jorge +2 more
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Monitoring of Volcano deformation
2022Monitoring ground surface deformation is an essential component of volcano monitoring, along with other techniques, such as seismology, geochemistry and geology. This chapter presents the different sources at the origin of the deformation observed in a volcanic context, followed by a review of the various techniques used for measuring such deformation.
Cayol, Valérie +3 more
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Monitoring gases from andesite volcanoes
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2000Monitoring gases from andesite volcanoes for hazard mitigation or scientific enquiry is complicated by the wide range of eruption styles. Monitoring is aimed at both measuring the rates of gas emission, and changes in their compositions. Direct sampling techniques are restricted to accessible vents, and are unsuitable for syn-eruption monitoring ...
Peter Francis +2 more
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Volcano monitoring by satellite
Geology Today, 1989‘St Pierre, in the morning throbbing with life, thronged with people, is no more. Its ruins stretch before us, wrapped in their shroud of smoke and ashes, gloomy and silent, a city of the dead’. Thus was St Pierre described by the Vicar‐General of Martinique in the aftermath of the 8 May 1902 eruption of Mt Pelée.
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Volcano monitoring goes into the deep
Science, 2016Volcanology Axial Seamount is a large and active submarine volcano along the Juan de Fuca midocean ridge off the coast of the western United States. Eruptions in 1998 and 2011 were followed by periods of magma recharge, making it an ideal location to include in the Ocean Observatories Initiative Cabled Array. Wilcock et al.
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A Review of Volcano Geophysics and Volcano-Monitoring Methods
1996In the past two decades, considerable progress has been realized in the geophysical studies of volcanoes aimed at explaining the source processes, modeling the magma feeding system, understanding the eruption dynamics, and forecasting the eruption onsets and their evolution. Seismicity patterns, detection of anomalous strain episodes through tiltmeters,
R. Scarpa, P. Gasparini
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Local Volcano Infrasound Monitoring
2018Infrasound monitoring is employed to enhance understanding of eruption dynamics and to track eruptive activity over time. Local infrasound, where sensors are positioned near to and/or on the flanks of volcanoes, implies that sound transmission from vent to receiver is approximately line-of-sight.
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