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Theoretical Analysis of Constant Voltage Mode Membrane Capacitive Deionization for Water Softening [PDF]

open access: yesMembranes, 2021
Water softening is desirable to reduce scaling in water infrastructure and to meet industrial water quality needs and consumer preferences. Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) can preferentially adsorb divalent ions including calcium and magnesium ...
Xin Zhang, Danny Reible
doaj   +2 more sources

Tailoring Charged Nanofiltration Membrane Based on Non-Aromatic Tris(3-aminopropyl)amine for Effective Water Softening [PDF]

open access: yesMembranes, 2020
High-performance positively-charged nanofiltration (NF) membranes have a profound significance for water softening. In this work, a novel monomer, tris(3-aminopropyl)amine (TAEA), with one tertiary amine group and three primary amine groups, was blended ...
Pengrui Jin   +4 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Rapid Water Softening with TEMPO-Oxidized/Phosphorylated Nanopapers [PDF]

open access: yesNanomaterials, 2019
Water hardness not only constitutes a significant hazard for the functionality of water infrastructure but is also associated with health concerns.
Andreas Mautner   +6 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Hard Water Softening by Chronoamperometry

open access: yesChemical Engineering Transactions, 2015
Water distributed from the Hamma resource is supersaturated on carbonate of calcium, a not very soluble salt and a major component of tartar. During their circulation in the network, these waters give rise to scaling phenomenon which involves a ...
S. Ghizellaoui, S. Ghizellaoui
doaj   +2 more sources

Hard water softening effect of a baby cleanser [PDF]

open access: yesClinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 2016
Russel M Walters, Emmanuel Anim-Danso, Stephanie M Amato, Kimberly A Capone, M Catherine Mack, Lorena S Telofski, David A Mays Skin Care Research & Development, Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA ...
Walters RM   +6 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Comparative analysis the performance of electrochemical water softening between high frequency electric fields and direct current electric fields based on orthogonal experimental methods

open access: yesWater Science and Technology, 2021
Electrochemical water softening has been widely used in industrial circulating cooling water systems; however, their low deposition efficiency is the main drawback that limits usage in medium to large enterprises.
Wei Lin   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Centralized softening as a solution to chloride pollution: An empirical analysis based on Minnesota cities.

open access: yesPLoS ONE, 2021
Chloride is a key component of salt, used in many activities such as alkali production, water treatment, and de-icing. Chloride entering surface and groundwater is a concern due to its toxicity to aquatic life and potential to degrade drinking water ...
Baishali Bakshi   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Softening with Ceramic Micro-Filtration for Application on Water Reclamation for Industrial Recirculating Cooling Systems

open access: yesMembranes, 2022
There is a global need for optimizing the use of water that has resulted from increased demand due to industrial development, population growth, climate change and the pollution of natural water resources.
Noor Jehan Gulamussen   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Study of using water softening process byproduct, calcium carbonate on fine paper production [PDF]

open access: yesتحقیقات علوم چوب و کاغذ ایران, 2015
After water purification and softening, a lot of calcium carbonate with other impurities produce and these byproducts gather and bury as mineral sludge.In this research, The quality of calcium carbonate from water softening process in mazandran wood and ...
Ali Barzan   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Study on the Damage Process and Numerical Simulation of Tunnel Excavation in Water-Rich Soft Rock

open access: yesApplied Sciences, 2021
The weakening effect is one of the most important causes triggering large deformation and failure of soft-rock engineering; however, few studies paid attention to damage evolution and constitutive relationship of rock in tensile damage in the excavation ...
Wenqi Ding   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

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