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Introduction to x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology, 2020
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has become one of the most widely used surface analysis techniques, and XPS instrumentation has become more user friendly, making the technique available to a large number of researchers.
F. Stevie, C. Donley
semanticscholar   +1 more source

X-ray microscopy

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, 1983
Owing to the short wavelengths of X-radiation X-ray microscopes allow higher resolution than optical microscopes. In contrast to electron microscopes, X-radiation can be used to study relatively thick aqueous specimens in their natural environment. X-ray microscopes require intense X-radiation, which is best provided by electron storage rings, as well ...
P. Guttmann   +5 more
openaire   +5 more sources

X-Ray and X-Ray-CT

2011
Since their discovery in 1895, X-rays have been widely used for imaging humans. Recently, they have also gained an importance in small animal imaging (SAI). Most techniques known from clinical medicine, including single- and dual-energy X-ray imaging, have been successfully ported to SAI and are the subject of this chapter.
Marek Karolczak   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

X-Ray Diffraction

Analytical Chemistry, 1964
ABS>Developments in techniques and apparatus for x-ray diffraction analysis are reviewed. General applications of x-ray diffraction and current interests in the field of structural determinations are discussed. 209 references are included for the period 1962 through 1963. (P.C.H.)
Lynne L. Merritt, William E. Streib
openaire   +3 more sources

Tutorial on Powder X-ray Diffraction for Characterizing Nanoscale Materials.

ACS Nano, 2019
Characterizing Nanoscale Materials Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a common characterization technique for nanoscale materials. Analysis of a sample by powder XRD provides important information that is complementary to various microscopic and ...
Cameron F. Holder, R. Schaak
semanticscholar   +1 more source

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