Results 221 to 230 of about 10,278 (249)

Steric Coordination Modulated Iodine Chemistry With Four‐Electron Conversion for Zinc‐Iodine Batteries

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
A dual‐additive electrolyte strategy is developed to address the hydrolysis of I+ in the aqueous electrolytes. The steric‐hindrance effect of TES− effectively shields I+ from nucleophilic attacks by hydroxyl groups, facilitating the reversible I−/I0/I+ conversion with four‐electron transfer.
Shuai Wang, Haoran Wang, Yujue Yang, Yuanyuan Gao, Yaopeng Wu, Junze Zhang, Jingxin Zhao, Yuejiao Chen, Bingang Xu   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Transient Laser‐Shocked Synthesis of Amorphous Layer‐Supported Metal Nanocrystals for Efficient Nitrate Reduction

Advanced Materials, EarlyView.
A general, versatile laser‐shock synthesis process is reported to produce various bimetallic CuNi, CuFe, CuCo, and medium‐entropy CuFeCoNi heterostructures, in which crystalline metal nanoparticles are anchored to amorphous hydroxide supports. During nitrate reduction reaction, the heterostructures undergo dynamic amorphous/crystalline reconstruction ...
Weihua Guo, Jixun Zhang, Siwei Zhang, Yangbo Ma, Yun Song, Jianjun Su, Zihao Li, Yinger Xin, Qiang Zhang, Mingming He, Ruixuan Wang, Rui Xue, Shibo Xi, Ying Wang, Shenlong Zhao, Tao Yang, Zhengxiao Guo, Ben Zhong Tang, Ruquan Ye   +18 more
wiley   +1 more source

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X-ray free-electron lasers

Nature Photonics, 2010
With intensities 108–1010 times greater than other laboratory sources, X-ray free-electron lasers are currently opening up new frontiers across many areas of science. In this Review we describe how these unconventional lasers work, discuss the range of new sources being developed worldwide, and consider how such X-ray sources may develop over the ...
McNeil, Brian W J, Thompson, Neil R
exaly   +4 more sources

Proposal for a free electron laser in the X-ray region

Optics Communications, 1983
The purpose of this paper is to show that a Free Electron Laser (FEL) can be operated in x-ray region (2-3 Ångstroms) provided that suitable machine parameters can be realized. The main problem appears to be in the optics of the system. Are there mirrors that can reflect x-rays with reflectivities greater than 90%? We have investigated the reflectivity
R. Colella, A. Luccio
openaire   +1 more source

X-ray Free-electron Lasers

AIP Conference Proceedings, 2009
We review the present status and properties of X‐ray free‐electron lasers in operation or under construction in the nanometer and sub‐nanometer wavelength range, and the novel possibilities they offer for the study of atomic and molecular processes. We also discuss recent developments in relativistic electron beam physics that give us the possibility ...
Claudio Pellegrini, Kevin B. Fournier
openaire   +1 more source

Focusing mirror for x-ray free-electron lasers

Review of Scientific Instruments, 2008
We present the design, fabrication, and evaluation of a large total-reflection mirror for focusing x-ray free-electron laser beams to nanometer dimensions. We used an elliptical focusing mirror made of silicon that was 400mm long and had a focal length of 550mm.
Hidekazu, Mimura, Shinya, Morita, Takashi, Kimura, Daisuke, Yamakawa, Weimin, Lin, Yoshihiro, Uehara, Satoshi, Matsuyama, Hirokatsu, Yumoto, Haruhiko, Ohashi, Kenji, Tamasaku, Yoshinori, Nishino, Makina, Yabashi, Tetsuya, Ishikawa, Hitoshi, Ohmori, Kazuto, Yamauchi   +14 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Virus Structures by X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers

Annual Review of Virology, 2019
Until recently X-ray crystallography has been the standard technique for virus structure determinations. Available X-ray sources have continuously improved over the decades, leading to the realization of X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs). They provide high-intensity femtosecond X-ray pulses, which allow for new kinds of experiments by making use of ...
Meents, A., Wiedorn, M. O.
openaire   +3 more sources

x-Ray Free-Electron Lasers

2014
Free-electron lasers (FELs) operating in the soft and hard x-ray wavelength range deliver unprecedented peak and average brilliance, opening new scientific opportunities in many disciplines. A striking advance compared to third-generation synchrotron-based light sources is the duration of the photon pulse: a few to some hundred femtoseconds with peak ...
openaire   +2 more sources

Molecular Imaging Using X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers

Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, 2013
The opening of hard X-ray free-electron laser facilities, such as the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in the United States, has ushered in a new era in structural determination. With X-ray pulse durations down to 10 fs or shorter, and up to 1013transversely coherent photons per pulse in a narrow spectral ...
Barty, A., Küpper, J., Chapman, H. N.
openaire   +3 more sources

The Development of X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2004
We review and discuss the theoretical and experimental work that has led to the development of short wavelength free-electron lasers operating as single pass amplifiers, starting from the spontaneous undulator radiation, in the self amplified spontaneous emission mode.
C. Pellegrini, S. Reiche
openaire   +1 more source