Abstract
In the last century two apparently conflicting hypotheses were proposed in order to explain the phylogenetic development of the kidneys of the vertebrates. The first one claimed that during evolution the Chordates developed three separate and distinct kidneys, namely the pronephros, the mesonephros and the metanephros, and that the ontogeny recapitulates the phylogenetic history. The second hypothesis maintained that these three kidneys must be regarded as regional specializations of a single primitive, hypothetical, ancestral kidney extended from cervical to caudal somites, i.e. the archinephros. On the basis of more recent phylogenetic observations, which showed that intermediate kidneys such as the opistonephros and the holonephros are present as definitive excretory organs in some vertebrates, the theory of the essential unity of the nephrogenic material has now gained universal acceptance [1, 2]
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© 1985 Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, Boston
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De Martino, C., Accinni, L. (1985). Embryogenesis of the kidney. In: Didio, L.J.A., Motta, P.M. (eds) Basic, Clinical, and Surgical Nephrology. Developments in Nephrology, vol 8. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2575-8_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2575-8_3
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