Induction Chemotherapy

Synonyms

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Neoadjuvant Therapy); Preoperative chemotherapy

Definition

Induction chemotherapy is chemotherapy given before the initiation of another treatment, which can be but is not limited to radiation, surgery, or chemoradiotherapy. At least in the case of solid tumors, the theoretical benefit is provided by the ability to suppress distant metastases and to shrink the tumor, which in turn facilitates subsequent intensified local therapy. Its use is limited to tumors that are locoregional, often bulky, but where cure remains possible.

Characteristics

The term “induction chemotherapy” differs to some degree when considering solid tumors versus leukemia.

Solid Tumors

When considering overall schemes to cure solid tumors, there are three major types of regimens, which are distinguished by their timing relative to one another and, to some degree, purpose:

• 1. Induction or neoadjuvant therapy – i.e., therapy which precedes definitive therapy

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