Abstract
Credibility of European Economic Convergence. — The authors analyze economic convergence and its relation to European real interest rate differentials using a clustering method on seven macroeconomic key variables for 1979–1995. The results indicate that monetary convergence has progressed considerably but that there is hardly any real convergence in the EU. They also perform pooled nominal and real interest rate regressions with the individual cluster indicators as explanatory variables. The authors find significant positive effects of external (current account) and internal (unemployment ratios, government finance) imbalances on real interest rates. They also group countries according to economic reputation and find that real indicators remain significant for the high-reputation countries.
Zusammenfassung
Zur Glaubwürdigkeit europäischer Konvergenz. — Die Verfasser untersuchen wirtschaftliche Konvergenz und ihre Beziehung zu europäischen realen Zinsdifferenzen. Dabei benutzen sie ein Cluster mit sieben makroökonomischen Schlüsselvariablen für 1979–1995. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, daß die monetäre Konvergenz erheblich zugenommen hat, daß es aber kaum eine reale Konvergenz in der EU gibt. Die Autoren führen außerdem Querschnittsregressionen für nominale und reale Zinsen mit den einzelnen Indikatoren aus dem Cluster als erklärende Variable durch. Sie ermitteln signifikante positive Effekte von externen Ungleichgewichten (Leistungsbilanz) und internen Ungleichgewichten (Arbeitslosigkeit, Staatsfinanzen) auf die realen Zinssätze. Zudem gruppieren sie Länder nach ihrer ökonomischen Reputation und stellen fest, daß die realen Indikatoren für die Länder mit hoher Reputation signifikant bleiben.
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