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Determination and Mapping of Regional Change of Pb and Cr Pollution in Ankara City Center

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Abstract

As in the whole world, environmental problems have increased with the increase in residential areas in Turkey, and this situation has brought many problems, especially environmental pollution. Among the components of environmental pollution, heavy metals are the most dangerous and important in terms of human and environmental health. Especially Pb and Cr are among the most toxic and deadly heavy metals, and the concentrations of these heavy metals in the environment are constantly increasing. Soil is one of the elements most affected by the increase in pollution. Soils are both a nutrition and living environment for plants and one of the most important components of the environment. In addition, topsoil is one of the most important indicators of the level of air pollution. This study aimed to determine and map the Pb and Cr pollution in the city center of Ankara, the capital and the second-largest city of Turkey, with the help of topsoils. Within the scope of the study, Ankara city center was divided into sub-regions with different characteristics, and Pb and Cr analyzes were performed by taking topsoil samples from 50 points representing these regions. Then, the changes in Pb and Cr concentrations on a regional basis were statistically evaluated, the data were transferred to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) using ArcGIS 10.7 software, then modeled with the kriging method, one of the interpolation methods, and pollution maps were created. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the Cr concentration is generally higher in the northwest-southeast axis of the study area, decreases as one goes to the northeast and southwest, and the region with the highest Pb concentration is located in the center of the study area, that is, in the west of the town of Sincan.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code Availability

Not applicable.

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Acknowledgements

This study was produced from a doctoral study at Kastamonu University, Institute of Science Graduate Studies Research Projects (Ph.D.). Thank you to advisor and Kastamonu University Institute of Science Department of Material Science and Engineering for Ph.D. thesis.

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Author notes

  1. Mehmet Cetin

    Present address: Department of City and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey

  2. Ilknur Zeren Cetin

    Present address: Program of Landscape and Ornamental Plants Cultivation, Department of Park and Garden Plants, Samsun Vocational School, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey

    Mehmet Cetin

  2. Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Science, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey

    Akram Mohamed Omar Aljama & Osama B. Muragaa Alrabiti

  3. Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir, Turkey

    Fatih Adiguzel

  4. Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kuzeykent Campus, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey

    Hakan Sevik

  5. YOK 100/2000 Scholarship, Program of Sustainable Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, Institute of Graduate School, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey

    Ilknur Zeren Cetin

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Contributions

MC, AMOA, OBMA, FA, HS, and IZC designed the study and performed the experiments; AMOA, OBMA, FA, HS, IZC, and MC performed the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Akram Mohamed Omar Aljama.

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Cetin, M., Aljama, A.M.O., Alrabiti, O.B.M. et al. Determination and Mapping of Regional Change of Pb and Cr Pollution in Ankara City Center. Water Air Soil Pollut 233, 163 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-05638-1

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