Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

Highly Sensitive Surface Plasmon Resonance Based D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Refractive Index Sensor

  • Published:
Plasmonics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this article, a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber based surface plasmon resonance sensor is proposed for refractive index sensing. Surface plasmon resonance effect between surface plasmon polariton modes and fiber core modes of the designed D-shaped photonic crystal fiber is used to measure the refractive index of the analyte. By using finite element method, the sensing properties of the proposed sensor are investigated, and a very high average sensitivity of 7700 nm/RIU with the resolution of 1.30 × 10−5 RIU is obtained for the analyte of different refractive indices varies from 1.43 to 1.46. In the proposed sensor, the analyte and coating of gold are placed on the plane surface of the photonic crystal fiber, hence there is no necessity of the filling of voids, thus it is gentle to apply and easy to use.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles and news from researchers in related subjects, suggested using machine learning.

References

  1. Homola J, Yee SS, Gauglitz G (1999) Surface plasmon resonance sensors: review Sens. Actuators B Chem 54(1–2):3–15

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Gupta BD, Verma RK (2009) Surface Plasmon resonance-based fiber optic sensors: principle, probe designs, and some applications. Journal of Sensors (Article ID 979761):12

  3. Schmidt MA, Sempere LNP, Tyagi HK, Poulton CG, Russell P, St J (2008) Waveguiding and plasmon resonances in two-dimensional photonic lattices of gold and silver nanowires. Phys Rev B 77(3):033417

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Skorobogatiy MA, Kabashin A (2006) Plasmon excitation by the Gaussian-like core mode of a photonic crystal waveguide. Opt Express 4(18):8419–8424

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Piliarik M, Homola J, Maníková Z, Čtyroký J (2003) Surface plasmon resonance sensor based on a single-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber Sens. Actuators B Chem. 90(1–3):236–242

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Monzón-Hernández D, Villatoro J, Talavera D, Luna-Moreno D (2004) Optical-fiber surface-plasmon resonance sensor with multiple resonance peaks. Appl Opt 43(6):1216–1220

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Liedberg B, Nylander C, Lunström I (1983) Surface plasmon resonance for gas detection and biosensing Sens. Actuators 4:299–304

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Robinson G (1995) The commercial development of planar optical biosensors sensor Actuat. Biol Chem 29:31–36

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Hassani A, Gauvreau B, Fehri MF, Kabashin A, Skorobogatiy M (2008) Photonic crystal fiber and waveguide-based surface plasmon resonance sensors for application in the visible and near-IR. Electromagnetics 28(3):198–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Luan N, Wang R, Lu Y, Yao J (2014) Simulation of surface plasmon resonance temperature sensor based on liquid mixture-filling microstructured optical fiber. Opt Eng 53(6):067103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Dash JN, Jha R (2014) Graphene-based birefringent photonic crystal fiber sensor using surface plasmon resonance IEEE. Photon Technol Lett 26(11):1092–1095

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Liu B, Jiang Y, Zhu X, Tang X, Shi Y (2013) Hollow fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor for the detection of liquid with high refractive index. Opt Exp 21(26):32349–32357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Lee K et al (2014) Refractive index sensor based on a polymer fiber directional coupler for low index sensing opt. Exp 22(14):17497–17507

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Gangwar RK, Bhardwaj V, Singh VK (2016) Magnetic field sensor based on selectively magnetic fluid infiltrated dual-core photonic crystal fiber. Opt Eng 55(2):026111–026115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Dhara P, Singh VK (2015) Effect of MMF stub on the sensitivity of a photonic crystal fiber interferometer sensor at 1550 nm. Opt Fiber Technol 21:154–159

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Gangwar RK, Singh VK (2015) Refractive index sensor based on selectively liquid infiltrated dual core photonic crystal fibers. Photonics and Nanostructures-Fundamentals and Applications 15:46–52

    Google Scholar 

  17. Peng Y et al (2013) Temperature sensing using the bandgap-like effect in a selectively liquid-filled photonic crystal fiber. Opt Lett 38:263–265

  18. Luan N, Wang R, Lu Y, Yao J (2014) Simulation of surface plasmon resonance temperature sensor based on liquid mixture-filling  microstructured optical fiber. Opt Eng 53(6):067103

  19. Tian M, Lu P, Chen L, Lv C, Liu D (2012) All-solid D-shaped photonic fiber sensor based on surface plasmon resonance. Opt Commun 285(6):1550–1554

  20. Jorgenson R, Yee SA (1993) fiber-optic chemical sensor based on surface plasmon resonance Sensor. Actuat Biol Chem 12:213–220

  21. Fan Z, Li S, Liu Q, An G, Chen H, Li J, Chao D, Li H, Zi J, Tian W (2015) High sensitivity of refractive index sensor based on analyte-filled photonic crystal fiber with surface plasmon resonance. IEEE Photonics J 7(3):1--9

  22. Luan N, Wang R, Lv W, Yao J (2015) Surface plasmon resonance sensor based on D-shaped microstructured optical fiber with hollow core. Optics Express 23(7):8576

  23. Dash JN, Jha R (2015) On the performance of Graphene-based D-shaped photonic crystal fibre biosensor using surface plasmon resonance. Plasmonics 10(5):1123--1131

  24. Tan Z, Li X, Chen Y, Fan P (2014) Improving the sensitivity of fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor by filling liquid in a hollow core photonic crystal fiber. Plasmonics 9(1):167--173

  25. Akowuah EK, Gorman T, Ademgil H, Haxha S, Robinson GK, Oliver JV (2012) Numerical analysis of a photonic crystal fiber for biosensing applications. IEEE J Quantum Electron 48(11):1403–1410

  26. Jitender KA, Varshney RK, Kumar M (2015) Calculation of propagation characteristics of surface plasmons in gold/silver nanowires. Appl Opt 54(12):715–3719

  27. Johnson PB, Christy RW (1972) Optical constant of the noble metals. Phys Rev B 6:4370–4379

Download references

Acknowledgments

We are thankful to IIT (ISM), Dhanbad for providing financial support. One of the authors, Rahul Kumar Gangwar also is very grateful to the Mr. Jitender, senior research fellow at IIT, Delhi for the valuable discussion.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Optical Fiber Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India

    Rahul Kumar Gangwar & Vinod Kumar Singh

Authors
  1. Rahul Kumar Gangwar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Vinod Kumar Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rahul Kumar Gangwar.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gangwar, R.K., Singh, V.K. Highly Sensitive Surface Plasmon Resonance Based D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Refractive Index Sensor. Plasmonics 12, 1367–1372 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-016-0395-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-016-0395-y

Keywords