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Volume 13
Issue 2
10.3390/toxics13020074
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Retraction of Toxics 2022, 10(5), 203.
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Retraction

RETRACTED: Di Paola et al. Combined Effects of Potassium Perchlorate and a Neonicotinoid on Zebrafish Larvae (Danio rerio). Toxics 2022, 10, 203

by
Davide Di Paola
1,†,
Fabiano Capparucci
1,†,
Sabrina Natale
1,
Rosalia Crupi
2,
Salvatore Cuzzocrea
1,3,*,
Nunziacarla Spanò
4,*,
Enrico Gugliandolo
2,‡ and
Alessio Filippo Peritore
1,‡
1
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
2
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
3
Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
4
Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
‡
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Toxics 2025, 13(2), 74; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020074
Submission received: 9 January 2025 / Accepted: 9 January 2025 / Published: 22 January 2025
Versions Notes
The journal retracts the article, “Combined Effects of Potassium Perchlorate and a Neonicotinoid on Zebrafish Larvae (Danio rerio)” [1], cited above.
Following publication, concerns were brought to the attention of the Editorial Office regarding image duplications within this publication [1] and between this and an earlier article [2], produced by the same authorship group.
Adhering to our standard procedure, an investigation was conducted by the Editorial Office and the Editorial Board that confirmed duplications within Figure 1, showing different experimental conditions. While the authors collaborated during the investigation, they were unable to satisfactorily explain the image duplication or provide satisfactory raw material for Editorial Board evaluation. Consequently, the Editorial Board has lost confidence in the reliability of the findings and decided to retract this publication [1], as per MDPI’s retraction policy (https://www.mdpi.com/ethics#_bookmark30).
This retraction was approved by the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Toxics.
The authors did not agree to this retraction.

References

  1. Paola, D.D.; Capparucci, F.; Natale, S.; Crupi, R.; Cuzzocrea, S.; Spanò, N.; Gugliandolo, E.; Peritore, A.F. RETRACTED: Combined Effects of Potassium Perchlorate and a Neonicotinoid on Zebrafish Larvae (Danio rerio). Toxics 2022, 10, 203. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  2. Di Paola, D.; Iaria, C.; Capparucci, F.; Arangia, A.; Crupi, R.; Cuzzocrea, S.; Spanò, N.; Gugliandolo, E.; Peritore, A.F. Impact of Mycotoxin Contaminations on Aquatic Organisms: Toxic Effect of Aflatoxin B1 and Fumonisin B1 Mixture. Toxins 2022, 14, 518. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Di Paola, D.; Capparucci, F.; Natale, S.; Crupi, R.; Cuzzocrea, S.; Spanò, N.; Gugliandolo, E.; Peritore, A.F. RETRACTED: Di Paola et al. Combined Effects of Potassium Perchlorate and a Neonicotinoid on Zebrafish Larvae (Danio rerio). Toxics 2022, 10, 203. Toxics 2025, 13, 74. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020074

AMA Style

Di Paola D, Capparucci F, Natale S, Crupi R, Cuzzocrea S, Spanò N, Gugliandolo E, Peritore AF. RETRACTED: Di Paola et al. Combined Effects of Potassium Perchlorate and a Neonicotinoid on Zebrafish Larvae (Danio rerio). Toxics 2022, 10, 203. Toxics. 2025; 13(2):74. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020074

Chicago/Turabian Style

Di Paola, Davide, Fabiano Capparucci, Sabrina Natale, Rosalia Crupi, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Nunziacarla Spanò, Enrico Gugliandolo, and Alessio Filippo Peritore. 2025. "RETRACTED: Di Paola et al. Combined Effects of Potassium Perchlorate and a Neonicotinoid on Zebrafish Larvae (Danio rerio). Toxics 2022, 10, 203" Toxics 13, no. 2: 74. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020074

APA Style

Di Paola, D., Capparucci, F., Natale, S., Crupi, R., Cuzzocrea, S., Spanò, N., Gugliandolo, E., & Peritore, A. F. (2025). RETRACTED: Di Paola et al. Combined Effects of Potassium Perchlorate and a Neonicotinoid on Zebrafish Larvae (Danio rerio). Toxics 2022, 10, 203. Toxics, 13(2), 74. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13020074

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