투자의 활성화를 위한 양자간 투자 협정 또는 자유무역협정으로 투자활동 또는 투자자에 대한 보호가 강화되고 있다. 이러한 투자조약에 의하여 투자자와 국가간 투자분쟁에 대한 국제투자분쟁해결기구를 비롯한 국제중재의 관할권이 인정됨에 따라서 근년 국제투자분쟁 사건이 급증되고 있다. 이러한 국제 중재 실천에서는 국제투자법상 논의가 많이 존재하고 있는 보상기준, 간접수용 그리고 수용자산의 가치평가방법 등 문제에 대해서 법리의 판단과 해석을 발전하게 되었다. 그러나 투자조약의 규정상의 모호성과 불확정성 때문에 이에 근거한 중재판정부의 판시는 각 중재판정부의 자유재량의 여지가 있고, 수용당사국의 공공이익보다 대부분의 중재판정부는 개인투자자의 이익을 중시하고 있는 것이다. 따라서 국제중재실천에서 국가패소의 경우가 많고 거액의 보상․배상․소송의 비용이 부담된다. 이는 국가 특히 개발도상국의 경제발전 정책 또한 향후 국가의 공공관리조치의 제정․실행에 불리한 영향을 미치고 있다.
한국과 중국간의 경제활동이 활발해지면서 한․중 자유무역지대의 설립구상이 제기되었다. 이에 따라 본문에서는 한․중 자유무역협정 투자분야의 수용규정이 이러한 문제를 대응하기 위하여 어떻게 설정되어야 하는지에 대하여 제언하고자 한다.
It has been shown that the protection to investment activities or investors has been reinforced by BIT and FTA which are for the sake of investment revitalization. According to these international investment treaties, as the jurisdiction of international arbitration headed by ICSID is given to investor-state investment dispute, international investment dispute cases are increasing rapidly in recent years. In these international arbitration practices, the juridical judgment and interpretation made by arbitration tribunals have been submitted to problems as compensation standard, indirect expropriation and valuation of expropriation assets, which are being held in many arguments of international investment law. However It was seen that each tribunal's judgment based on investment treaties has discretion space and most tribunals attach importance to investor's interests than public interests of the host state because provisions of them are vague and indefinite. Therefor the host states always lose lawsuits in arbitration practices and also assume large amount compensation, reparation and the costs of the lawsuit. This will has a detrimental influence to the host state especially developing countries on the establishment and execution of economy development policies or public administration managements. While the economy interchange is active between Korea and China, the foundation of free trade area between Korea and China is conceived. In this study we will offer the proposal about by what means the expropriation provisions in the Korea and China FTA's investment field should be set up.
It has been shown that the protection to investment activities or investors has been reinforced by BIT and FTA which are for the sake of investment revitalization. According to these international investment treaties, as the jurisdiction of international arbitration headed by ICSID is given to investor-state investment dispute, international investment dispute cases are increasing rapidly in recent years. In these international arbitration practices, the juridical judgment and interpretation made by arbitration tribunals have been submitted to problems as compensation standard, indirect expropriation and valuation of expropriation assets, which are being held in many arguments of international investment law. However It was seen that each tribunal's judgment based on investment treaties has discretion space and most tribunals attach importance to investor's interests than public interests of the host state because provisions of them are vague and indefinite. Therefor the host states always lose lawsuits in arbitration practices and also assume large amount compensation, reparation and the costs of the lawsuit. This will has a detrimental influence to the host state especially developing countries on the establishment and execution of economy development policies or public administration managements. While the economy interchange is active between Korea and China, the foundation of free trade area between Korea and China is conceived. In this study we will offer the proposal about by what means the expropriation provisions in the Korea and China FTA's investment field should be set up.