Simultaneous recordings of ocular microtremor and microsaccades with a piezoelectric sensor and a video-oculography system

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PeerJ

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Introduction

Materials and Methods

Subjects

Eye movement recordings

Video tracker

Piezoelectric sensor

Experimental setup and procedure

Experiments

Fixation experiment

Troxler fading experiment

Eye movement analyses

Video tracker

Piezoelectric sensor

Microsaccade and OMT correlations with transitions to visible and invisible percepts

Statistics

Results

Simultaneous recordings and the effects of the piezoelectric sensor on microsaccades

Microsaccades but not OMT are correlated with perceptual restoration after Troxler fading

Discussion

Effects of the piezoelectric sensor on microsaccade dynamics

Implications for the definition of “microsaccade”

Effects of microsaccades and OMT on perceptual restoration after Troxler fading

Additional Information and Declarations

Competing Interests

Susana Martinez-Conde and Stephen L. Macknik are Academic Editors for PeerJ.

Author Contributions

Michael B. McCamy, Niamh Collins, Jorge Otero-Millan and Xoana G. Troncoso conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, wrote the paper.

Mohammed Al-Kalbani conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data.

Stephen L. Macknik, Davis Coakley, Gerard Boyle and Susana Martinez-Conde conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, wrote the paper.

Vinodh Narayanan and Thomas R. Wolf performed the experiments.

Ethics

The following information was supplied relating to ethical approvals (i.e. approving body and any reference numbers):

Barrow Neurological Institute’s Institutional Review Board: 04BN039.

Funding

This study was supported by the Barrow Neurological Foundation (awards to SLM and SM-C), the National Science Foundation (awards 0643306, 0852636 and 1153786 to SM-C, and award 0726113 to SLM), and the Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering and the Mercer’s Institute for Research on Ageing in St. James’s Hospital Dublin (to DC) JO-M was a Fellow of the Pedro Barrié de la Maza Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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