Results 131 to 140 of about 30,833 (266)

Obligation, Exemption and Remission: The Multi‐Layered Functioning of the Poll Tax (Cizye) in Ottoman Governance during the Long Eighteenth Century

open access: yesHistory, EarlyView.
Abstract This article examines the poll tax (Ottoman Turkish cizye; Arabic jizya) levied on non‐Muslim subjects of the Ottoman Empire, not as a fixed, one‐dimensional tax item within the Ottoman fiscal system but as a multi‐layered administrative instrument organized around obligation, exemption and remission.
ÖZLEM BAŞARIR
wiley   +1 more source

Barbara's Daughters: Women's Boxing and Social Memory in Britain

open access: yesHistory, EarlyView.
Abstract A pioneer of post‐war boxing, Barbara Buttrick fought in fairgrounds and on music‐hall stages in Britain and France before making a career in the United States during the 1950s. She fought against practical obstacles, prejudice and discrimination to become the Women's World Flyweight and Bantamweight Champion in 1957. This article examines her
Matthew Taylor
wiley   +1 more source

THE VIOLENCE OF FULL COST RECOVERY: Financing Water Infrastructure, and the History and Future of Perpetual Crisis in Mombasa

open access: yesInternational Journal of Urban and Regional Research, EarlyView.
Abstract Foregrounding the role of finance, this article examines the historical production and future trajectory of the urban water crisis in Mombasa. Drawing on archival research and contemporary fieldwork, it traces how principles of full cost recovery—institutionalized during the colonial period and later reworked through postcolonial ...
Joe Williams
wiley   +1 more source

A potion for prolonged life? Germes' recipe, a secret handwritten note from an 18th-century Swedish physician. [PDF]

open access: yesJ Ethnobiol Ethnomed
Schultz F   +5 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Home - About - Disclaimer - Privacy