Results 81 to 90 of about 41,185 (189)

Hoffmann's two‐toed sloth II: Muscle architectural properties in the thoracic limb of Choloepus (Pilosa: Xenarthra)

Journal of Anatomy, EarlyView.
Two‐toed sloths use their thoracic limbs for more frequent and greater suspensory support than three‐toed sloths and have muscle architectural properties consistent with stability of the pectoral girdle, enhanced flexor force/torque applied at the shoulder and elbow joints, and grip on the support as indicated by their myology. Abstract Two‐toed sloths
C. S. Tucker, A. M. Mossor, K. B. Spainhower, J. A. Avey‐Arroyo, M. T. Butcher   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Frequency of arboreality is correlated with longer hand skeletons in Gorilla: Analysis of a new skeletal sample of Bwindi mountain gorillas

Journal of Anatomy, EarlyView.
Variation in arboreality across gorilla populations is associated with systematic differences in manual digital lengths. Using a new dataset of linear metrics from the Bwindi mountain gorillas, we quantify metacarpal and phalangeal lengths in eastern and western gorilla populations across all five rays. Consistent with quantified behavioral differences,
Elliot G. Greiner, Christopher B. Ruff, Charlotte King, Aventino Nkwasibwe, Thadee Muhire, Emmanuel Tibenda, Jason S. Massey, Juho‐Antti Junno, Rowan M. Sherwood, Jean Bosco Noheri, Fred Nizeyimana, Tierra Smiley Evans, Richard Muvunyi, Dennis Babaasa, Martha M. Robbins, Shannon C. McFarlin, Tracy L. Kivell   +16 more
wiley   +1 more source

Functional morphology of trabecular bone in the calcaneus of African apes

Journal of Anatomy, EarlyView.
Pan exhibits significantly higher calcaneal tuberosity trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) and bone volume fraction (BV/TV) than Gorilla, potentially reflecting higher triceps surae forces for vertical climbing. Both taxa have significantly higher Tb.Th and BV/TV in the anterior calcaneus; the difference is exaggerated in Gorilla, potentially reflecting ...
Christine M. Harper, Biren A. Patel
wiley   +1 more source

Scaling relationships between Haversian canal‐to‐secondary osteon and midshaft femur cortical‐to‐total area in a human autopsy sample

Journal of Anatomy, EarlyView.
We report that femoral cortical thickness was strongly and negatively associated with secondary osteon porosity in an Australian autopsy sample, indicating that thicker cortices contained less porous secondary osteons. This allometric relationship held for the whole sample, males and sedentary well‐nourished individuals, but not for females or other ...
Justyna J. Miszkiewicz, Laura A. B. Wilson, Karen M. Cooke, Rita Hardiman   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Post‐hatching development of the remote‐tactile bill‐tip organ in precocial shorebirds (Scolopacidae)

Journal of Anatomy, EarlyView.
Juvenile scolopacid shorebirds possess well‐developed osteological correlates of tactile bill‐tip organs, indicating sensory systems for remote‐touch foraging are present from early life. Ontogenetic changes in bill‐tip morphology suggest ecological specialisation and interspecific variation develop later, after fledging in these highly precocial ...
Carla J. du Toit, Anyaise Green, Daniel J. Field   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

The variability of giraffe skull morphology

Journal of Anatomy, EarlyView.
What does giraffe skull shape tell us about their development and evolution? Abstract Giraffe (Giraffa spp.) are among the most unique and charismatic extant animals, largely due to their distinct morphology. The evolutionary and developmental origin of ossicones is a key factor in giraffid biology, yet other features building their characteristic head
Nikolaos Kargopoulos, Jesús Marugán‐Lobón, Anusuya Chinsamy‐Turan, Bernard R. Agwanda, Michael Butler Brown, Stephanie Fennessy, Sara Ferguson, Rigardt Hoffman, Fredrick Lala, Arthur Muneza, Ogeto Mwebi, Moses Otiende, Alice Petzold, Sven Winter, Abdoul Razack Moussa Zabeirou, Julian Fennessy   +15 more
wiley   +1 more source

Sleep Deprivation in Mice: Looking Beyond the Slow Wave Rebound

Journal of Sleep Research, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Sleep is a fundamental process supporting the dynamic regulation of neural function. Emerging methods have proposed that the aperiodic components of brain signals (such as the spectral slope, spectral intercept, and spectral knee), in addition to entropy‐based measures, offer robust empirical markers of neural states.
Tárek Zoltán Magyar, Orsolya Szalárdy, Róbert Bódizs   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Ecological and genomic variation in ectomycorrhizal fungal exploration types

New Phytologist, EarlyView.
Summary Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) produce mycelia with variable extension and complexity, which can be classified according to soil ‘exploration types’ (ETs). ETs have received attention as one of the few mycorrhizal trait frameworks, but without an empirical classification of ET functional diversity and environmental preferences, understanding and ...
Thomas M. Mansfield, Artin Zarsav, Filipa Cox, Laura M. Suz, Martin I. Bidartondo, Sietse van der Linde, Nadia Barsoum, Colin Averill, Alan Kuo, Leho Tedersoo, Pasi Rautio, Arthur Gessler, Bruno De Vos, Luc Croisé, Henning Meesenburg, Markus Wagner, Frank Jacob, Paweł Lech, Anna Kowalska, Martin Greve, Genoveva Popova, Beat Frey, Marcus Schaub, Marco Ferretti, Peter Waldner, Vicent Calatayud, Roberto Canullo, Giancarlo Papitto, Aleksander Marinšek, Lars Vesterdal, Morten Ingerslev, Helge Meissner, Volkmar Timmermann, Nadine Eickenscheidt, Andreas Schmitz, Francis M. Martin, Joseph Spatafora, Peter G. Kennedy, Annegret Kohler, Jonathan M. Plett, Ian C. Anderson, Sara Branco, Igor V. Grigoriev, Chris J. Pires, Sarah A. Unruh, Lawrence W. Zettler, Otto Miettinen, Ilya Viner, Tom W. May, Teresa Lebel, David E. A. Catcheside, Pamela S. Catcheside, Helen P. Vonow, Leigh A. Burgoyne, Julia Haska, Mark A. Anthony   +55 more
wiley   +1 more source

Postembryonic development of the predatory strike mechanics in a praying mantis (Insecta: Mantodea)

Physiological Entomology, EarlyView.
Praying mantis forelegs capture prey using specific kinematic and kinetic traits that change in size and morphology during postembryonic growth and sexual dimorphism influences these dynamics. Strike forces grow hyperallometrically with body weight; larger mantises show longer strike durations, slower joint angular velocities and increased tibia ...
Thies H. Büscher, Fabian Bäumler, Stanislav N. Gorb, Sebastian Büsse   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Ecological Partitioning and Body Size Differentiation Enable Coexistence of Closely Related Semi-Arboreal <i>Therates</i> Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae). [PDF]

Ecol Evol
Acal DAP, Sulikowska-Drozd A, Jaskuła R.   +2 more
europepmc   +1 more source