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The Treatment of Amblyopia

Strabismus, 2006
Recent studies suggest that children with amblyopia associated with anisometropia, strabismus, or both should be treated initially with best refractive correction until visual acuity is stable. This may take several months, and a proportion of children will achieve equal visual acuity with glasses alone.
Holmes J, Repka M, Kraker R, Clarke M
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Amblyopia

Pediatric Clinics of North America, 2014
Amblyopia refers to unilateral or bilateral reduction in best corrected visual acuity, not directly attributed to structural abnormality of the eye or posterior visual pathways. Early detection of amblyopia is crucial to obtaining the best response to treatment. Amblyopia responds best to treatment in the first few years of life.
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Ametropic Amblyopia

Strabismus, 1993
Hypermetropia of more than 5 diopters or an astigmatism of 2 diopters or more is often the cause of amblyopia in the master eye, independent of the presence of a simultaneous strabismus or anisometropia. This amblyopia can be prevented with early spectacle correction.
H, Cavazos, W, Haase, E, Meyer
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Amblyopia and the Pediatrician

Pediatric Annals, 1977
Amblyopia is one of the most common eye ailments in children. Early treatment can frequently eliminate this problem. The responsibility for early recognition falls primarily on the pediatrician. The following summarizes what ought to be done for each age group to rule out amblyopia and its associated conditions.
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Tobacco Amblyopia; Alcohol Amblyopia

American Journal of Ophthalmology, 1936
The syndrome often spoken of as “tobacco-alcohol amblyopia” in the United States is called “tobacco amblyopia” in Great Britain and “alcohol amblyopia” in France. The authors report one case of alcohol amblyopia in a person who never used tobacco and one case of tobacco amblyopia in a teetotaler.
Frank D. Carroll, C. Ray Franklin
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Testing for Amblyopia

JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 1968
ABSTRACT To the Editor:— The article by Press and Austin (204:767, 1968) regarding home vision screening presents the very real problem of detecting eye problems in children as early as possible. The earlier ambylopia is detected, the easier it is for us to treat it successfully.
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Amblyopia in Ptosis

Archives of Ophthalmology, 1980
Amblyopia can result from strabismus, anisometropia, media opacities, and congenital disorders such as nystagmus. Complicated forms of ptosis (ie, associated with neurofibroma or hemangioma) are also known to cause amblyopia. A previously unconfirmed cause of amblyopia is uncomplicated ptosis.
R L, Anderson, S A, Baumgartner
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Idiopathic Amblyopia

American Journal of Ophthalmology, 1985
Two children without strabismus, anisometropia, or a history of form-vision deprivation who had normal stereoacuity were amblyopic in one eye. The amblyopia responded to occlusion treatment of the sound eye and visual acuity decreased again after cessation of therapy. There is no explanation for this amblyopia. It is possible, however, that binocularly
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Amblyopia

BMJ, 2015
Joanna M, Jefferis   +2 more
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It is Not Always Amblyopia

American Orthoptic Journal, 2009
A child is referred because of reduced visual acuity in one or both eyes. This scenario is equally familiar to the ophthalmologist, orthoptist, electrophysiologist, and imaging specialist. Each specialty is looking for markers for disease and / or dysfunction to aid in diagnosis.
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