Results 41 to 50 of about 92,975 (280)

When can we reconstruct the ancestral state? A unified theory

Theoretical Population Biology, 2022
Ancestral state reconstruction is one of the most important tasks in evolutionary biology. Conditions under which we can reliably reconstruct the ancestral state have been studied for both discrete and continuous traits. However, the connection between these results is unclear, and it seems that each model needs different conditions.
Ho, Lam Si Tung, Dinh, Vu
openaire   +4 more sources

Anatomy, morphology and evolution of the patella in squamate lizards and tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus) [PDF]

, 2016
The patella (kneecap) is the largest and best-known of the sesamoid bones, postulated to confer biomechanical advantages including increasing joint leverage and reinforcing the tendon against compression.
Benjamin M, Camp CL, Castanet J, Cope ED, Gauthier JA, Haines RW, Haines RW, Haines RW, Hogg D, Kornhuber A, Mohamed M, Otero T, Parsons FG, Renesto S, Romer AS, Romer AS, Vickaryous MK, Vriese B, Wettstein O   +18 more
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Time-dependent-asymmetric-linear-parsimonious ancestral state reconstruction [PDF]

Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 2016
AbstractThe time-dependent-asymmetric-linear parsimony is an ancestral state reconstruction method which extends the standard linear parsimony (a.k.a. Wagner parsimony) approach by taking into account both branch lengths and asymmetric evolutionary costs for reconstructing quantitative characters (asymmetric costs amount to assuming an evolutionary ...
openaire   +2 more sources

Ecological selectivity and the evolution of mammalian substrate preference across the K–Pg boundary

Ecology and Evolution, 2021
The Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) mass extinction 66 million years ago was characterized by a worldwide ecological catastrophe and rapid species turnover. Large‐scale devastation of forested environments resulting from the Chicxulub asteroid impact likely ...
Jonathan J. Hughes, Jacob S. Berv, Stephen G. B. Chester, Eric J. Sargis, Daniel J. Field   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Frog origins: inferences based on ancestral reconstructions of locomotor performance and anatomy [PDF]

, 2016
Frogs are the most species-rich and ecologically diverse group of amphibians and are characterized by a unique body plan including long legs, elongated ilia, and fused caudal vertebrae.
Boistel, Renaud, Crandell, Kristen, Daghfous, Gheylen, Herrel, Anthony, Laurin, Michel, Measey, John, Moureaux, Cécile, Tolley, Krystal, Vanhooydonck, Bike   +8 more
core   +3 more sources

Ancestral state reconstruction with large numbers of sequences and edge-length estimation [PDF]

Journal of Mathematical Biology, 2022
Likelihood-based methods are widely considered the best approaches for reconstructing ancestral states. Although much effort has been made to study properties of these methods, previous works often assume that both the tree topology and edge lengths are known.
Ho, Lam Si Tung, Susko, Edward
openaire   +3 more sources

Recurrent Modification of a Conserved Cis-Regulatory Element Underlies Fruit Fly Pigmentation Diversity [PDF]

, 2013
The development of morphological traits occurs through the collective action of networks of genes connected at the level of gene expression. As any node in a network may be a target of evolutionary change, the recurrent targeting of the same node would ...
A Kopp, A Kopp, A Kopp, A Robertson, A Robertson, AC Groth, AG Clark, AP McGregor, B Prud'homme, BS Baker, C Tournamille, CA Russo, CI Swanson, CJ Cretekos, D Emera, D Godt, D Stanojevic, David J. Tacy, DL Stern, E Abouheif, E Sucena, Eric M. Camino, FC Jones, GA Wray, GA Wray, J Crocker, J Zhang, J-L Couderc, JE Pool, Joseph R. Salomone, JW Thornton, KJT Venken, Kristen A. Davis, L Arnoult, M Brudno, M Levine, M Rebeiz, M Rebeiz, M Rebeiz, Mark Rebeiz, MD Shapiro, ME Protas, MI Arnone, Michael Levine, MJ Harms, MW Nachman, MZ Ludwig, MZ Ludwig, MZ Ludwig, N Frankel, N Frankel, N Gompel, N Gompel, NI Mundy, P Andolfatto, PJ Wittkopp, PJ Wittkopp, R Parkash, R Parkash, R Staden, RD Bickel, S Bonn, S Jeong, S Jeong, S Marcellini, S Prabhakar, S Richards, S Shim, S Small, SA Tishkoff, SB Carroll, SC Ekker, SE Erdman, T Werner, TF Cooper, Thomas M. Williams, TM Williams, TR Shirangi, W Stephan, W Wang, WA Rogers, William A. Rogers, X Wang, Y Shen, Y Zhen, YF Chan   +85 more
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Shared Escovopsis parasites between leaf-cutting and non-leaf-cutting ants in the higher attine fungus-growing ant symbiosis [PDF]

Royal Society Open Science, 2015
Fungus-gardening (attine) ants grow fungus for food in protected gardens, which contain beneficial, auxiliary microbes, but also microbes harmful to gardens.
Lucas A. Meirelles, Scott E. Solomon, Mauricio Bacci, April M. Wright, Ulrich G. Mueller, Andre Rodrigues   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Evolution of an ancient protein function involved in organized multicellularity in animals. [PDF]

, 2016
To form and maintain organized tissues, multicellular organisms orient their mitotic spindles relative to neighboring cells. A molecular complex scaffolded by the GK protein-interaction domain (GKPID) mediates spindle orientation in diverse animal taxa ...
Anderson, Douglas P, Campodonico-Burnett, William, Hanson-Smith, Victor, King, Nicole, Prehoda, Kenneth E, Thornton, Joseph W, Volkman, Brian F, Whitney, Dustin S, Woznica, Arielle   +8 more
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Re-Evaluating Botryosphaeriales: Ancestral State Reconstructions of Selected Characters and Evolution of Nutritional Modes

Journal of Fungi, 2023
Botryosphaeriales (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) occur in a wide range of habitats as endophytes, saprobes, and pathogens. The order Botryosphaeriales has not been subjected to evaluation since 2019 by Phillips and co-authors using phylogenetic and ...
Achala R. Rathnayaka, K. W. Thilini Chethana, Alan J. L. Phillips, Jian-Kui Liu, Milan C. Samarakoon, E. B. Gareth Jones, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Chang-Lin Zhao   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source