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Ascidians

1957
The large literature on ascidians contains comparatively little on the ecology of these animals. What is available is for the most part widely scattered in: Systematic monographs containing comments on geographical distribution, vertical distribution, and temperature and bottom conditions at collecting stations.
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Ecology of Ascidians

2016
Ascidians/tunicates are one of the dominant members in the benthic macrofauna and contribute more significantly to raise the biodiversity of marine ecosystem by extending their distribution on a variety of natural as well as the artificial substratum across the world.
H. Abdul Jaffar Ali, M. Tamilselvi
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Vanadium in Ascidians

1990
About 80 years ago Henze (1911) found unexpectedly that ascidian blood cells contained a high level of vanadium. The initial interest in this phenomenon was not only the presence of vanadium but also the possibility that other metals might be concentrated in ascidians and other organisms.
Hitoshi Michibata, Hiromu Sakurai
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Classification of Ascidians

2016
The mysterious morphological structure of ascidians was taken into account for classification by various researchers. Herdman (1882) has given a classification of tunicate based upon the external features in relation to gemmation and formation of colonies.
H. Abdul Jaffar Ali, M. Tamilselvi
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Echinoderms and Ascidians

1975
Although there is no resemblance in form between adult echinoderms and ascidians, we have chosen to link them together in this chapter for three reasons. First it is necessary to emphasize that they both belong to the Deuterostomia. This is a classification of animals which links the echinoderms with the chordates, and is based on the fact that during ...
F. S. Billett, A. E. Wild
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Palatability of ascidians: a meta-analysis of the predation effect on ascidians

Marine Ecology Progress Series
Ascidians are marine sessile animals that have evolved many strategies to reduce predation. Previous manipulative experiments with ascidian tissues or pellets have shown that they have chemical defenses that render them unpalatable. However, predation-exclusion experiments on a community scale have shown that ascidians are almost entirely eaten when ...
JH Garcia da Silva, LC Leal, GM Dias
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An Introduction to Ascidians

2016
Ascidians are exclusively marine prochordates belonging to the Class Ascidiace of the subphylum Urochordata. There are both solitary and colonial forms with a sessile adult attached directly to hard substrates or fixed in sediments and a tailed, free-swimming larva.
H. Abdul Jaffar Ali, M. Tamilselvi
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The Physiology of Ascidians

1975
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the physiology of ascidians of Ciona intestinalis, Phallwia mammillata or Ascidia nigra . It presents a comparative study of the architecture of the ascidian test and examines its functional significance. The ascidian test is an outer protective covering which completely surrounds the individual zooid in ...
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Metamorphosis in Ascidians

BioScience, 1983
Tadpole larvae are found in three orders and 10 families of ascidians (phylum Chordata, subphylum Urochordata or Tunicata) and range in length from about 0.6 mm to 11.0 mm. They all have a trunk, a tail, and cuticular fins. The largest larvae are produced by colonial ascidians (with asexual reproduction) and the smaller ones are produced by solitary ...
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The Biology of Ascidians

1971
Publisher Summary Ascidians have been studied from many viewpoints, and a simple analysis of the entries in the zoological record indicates the main interests of recent investigators. Ascidians feed by filtering organisms and particles from water drawn into the branchial sac through the oral siphon and expelled through the atrial siphon, and that the
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