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Recovering gallium from residual bayer process liquor
JOM, 1991Gallium is normally obtained by direct electrolysis as a by-product from Bayer process residual liquor at an aluminum processing plant. However, to permit any net accumulation of the metal, the gallium concentration must be at least about 0.3 g/l in the liquor.
Maria Elizabeth Afonso de Magalhães +1 more
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Insoluble Organic Compounds in the Bayer Process
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2001During the dissolution of bauxite in a high-temperature (250−255 °C) Bayer process, which separates aluminum hydroxide and oxide in the ore from iron oxide and other impurities, a number of insolub...
Damian E. Smeulders +2 more
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Basic Principles of Bayer Process Design
2016Data used in Bayer process design are presented, with an account of the methods used in evaluation of bauxites as a source of alumina, and of plant design, with particular reference made to extraction, silica, mud separation, decomposition, causticization, flow of fluids, and heat transfer.
A. N. Adamson, E. J. Bloore, A. R. Carr
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Bayer Process Efficiency Improvement
2016The process efficiency has a great influence on the production yield, energy consumption, investment and operation cost in Bayer process.
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Development of New Bayer Process Flocculants
2016New Bayer process flocculants which contain hydroxamate functional groups have been evaluated in laboratory settling tests in Bayer plants processing a wide variety of bauxites. Such tests have given consistently very low overflow solids, generally less than 20% of the solids obtained with conventional polyacrylates.
D. P. Spitzer +6 more
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Perspective on Bayer Process Energy
2011The three most important cost items in the production of alumina are bauxite, caustic soda, and energy. Alumina energy cost will likely rise more than other costs because of energy price increases and energy related environmental issues. As energy cost increases, refineries will need to adjust the process to maintain or improve their position on the ...
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Sodalite Scale Control in Alumina Bayer Process
CORROSION 2007, 2007Abstract A series of silane-containing polymers with specific characteristics has been developed for complete elimination of sodalite scale in Bayer process. With practical dosages of those reagents effective protection against scale has been demonstrated in an alumina pilot plant and subsequently in several production plants.
H-L. Chen +8 more
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Organic Control Technologies in Bayer Process
2016Many Bayer plant problems originate from organics contamination of the Bayer liquor. Organics can decrease liquor productivity either by increasing alumina solubility or by covering active sites on alumina hydrate seeds. Organics also induce coloration of the liquor, cause excessive foaming, and increase liquor viscosity, density and boiling point. All
Gervais Soucy +2 more
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Chemical Reaction Engineering in the Bayer Process
2016Chemical reaction engineering provides an important link between chemistry (kinetics, thermodynamics) and economics (capital cost, productivity, efficiency). The key elements are interpretation of (batch) laboratory data, application of the resultant models to continuous operations, and industrial equipment selection (and costing).
Daniel Thomas, Benyan Pei
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BAYER PROCESS CONTROL AT ALCAN VAUDREUIL WORKS
IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 2007Abstract Alcan Vaudreuil Works is the only alumina plant in Canada. The plant produces about 1.4 milion tons of alumina per year, using the Bayer process to treat bauxite ore. In addition to regulatory control, this complex extraction process involves many applications of advanced process control.
Valérie Ouellet +2 more
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