Results 381 to 390 of about 6,442,831 (407)

Assessing Risk of Bias in Included Studies

, 2008
8.
J. Higgins, D. Altman
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials.

Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), 1995
OBJECTIVE To determine if inadequate approaches to randomized controlled trial design and execution are associated with evidence of bias in estimating treatment effects.
K. Schulz, I. Chalmers, R. J. Hayes, D. Altman   +3 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

The Rigidity Bias [PDF]

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2003
We study the basic economic problem of choice between long-term and short-term commitments under a general characterization of uncertainty (aggregate uncertainty). When contingencies are contractible, a perfect market of Arrow-Debreau contingent claims implements the social optimum. When contingencies are not contractible, long-term commitments receive
openaire   +4 more sources

Anomalies: The Endowment Effect, Loss Aversion, and Status Quo Bias

, 1991
A wine-loving economist we know purchased some nice Bordeaux wines years ago at low prices. The wines have greatly appreciated in value, so that a bottle that cost only $10 when purchased would now fetch $200 at auction. This economist now drinks some of
D. Kahneman, J. Knetsch, R. Thaler
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Randomized response: a survey technique for eliminating evasive answer bias.

Journal of the American Statistical Association, 1965
A survey technique for improving the reliability of responses to sensitive interview questions is described. The technique permits the respondentto answer "yes" or "no" to a question without the interviewer knowing what informationis being conveyed by ...
S. Warner
semanticscholar   +1 more source

In-group bias in the minimal intergroup situation: A cognitive-motivational analysis.

, 1979
Experimental research on intergroup discrimination in favor of one's own group is reviewed in terms of the basis of differentiati on between in-group and outgroup and in terms of the response measure on which in-group bias is assessed.
M. Brewer
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Journal bias or author bias?

Indian Journal of Medical Ethics, 2016
I read with interest the comment by Mark Wilson in the Indian Journal of Medical Ethics regarding bias and conflicts of interest in medical journals. Wilson targets one journal (the New England Journal of Medicine: NEJM) and one particular "scandal" to make his point that journals' decisions on publication are biased by commercial conflicts of interest
openaire   +2 more sources

Bias

2019
Abstract This chapter addresses the issue of bias, which can arise in many different guises. The cases clearly demonstrate that the Porter v. Magill [2002] test of bias applies in this field as it does in other areas of the law. Ultimately, each case turns on its own facts, as Carr J said in Rasool v. General Pharmaceutical Council [2015]
openaire   +2 more sources

History of bias

Sozial- und Präventivmedizin SPM, 2002
Epidemiologists have always been conscious of the importance of controlling for distortions, although the definition itself of bias has changed over time. Central to this discussions in the past was the relative vulnerability of different study designs to bias and uncontrollable confounding (confounding being clearly distinguishable from bias, as a ...
openaire   +3 more sources

MULTIPLIER ESTIMATES: TO BIAS OR NOT TO BIAS?*

Journal of Regional Science, 2006
ABSTRACT It is well known that multiplier estimates within an interindustry context may be biased when the input coefficients are stochastic. Several conditions have been derived under which the estimates were shown to be biased, all with the same sign.
openaire   +3 more sources