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Echinomycin biosynthesis

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, 2013
Echinomycin is an antitumor antibiotic secondary metabolite isolated from streptomycetes, whose core structure is biosynthesized by nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS). The echinomycin biosynthetic pathway was successfully reconstituted in Escherichia coli.
Michio, Sato   +4 more
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Hemicellulose biosynthesis

Planta, 2013
One major component of plant cell walls is a diverse group of polysaccharides, the hemicelluloses. Hemicelluloses constitute roughly one-third of the wall biomass and encompass the heteromannans, xyloglucan, heteroxylans, and mixed-linkage glucan. The fine structure of these polysaccharides, particularly their substitution, varies depending on the ...
Markus, Pauly   +6 more
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Heparin Biosynthesis

2011
Heparin and heparan sulfate share the same polysaccharide backbone structure but differ in sulfation degree and expression pattern. Whereas heparan sulfate is found in virtually all cells of the human body, heparin expression is restricted to mast cells, where it has a function in storage of granular components such as histamine and mast cell specific ...
Pernilla, Carlsson, Lena, Kjellén
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Lignin Biosynthesis

Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2003
The lignin biosynthetic pathway has been studied for more than a century but has undergone major revisions over the past decade. Significant progress has been made in cloning new genes by genetic and combined bioinformatics and biochemistry approaches.
Boerjan, Wout   +2 more
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Xylan biosynthesis

Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 2014
Plant cells are surrounded by a rigid wall made up of cellulose microfibrils, pectins, hemicelluloses, and lignin. This cell wall provides structure and protection for plant cells. In grasses and in dicot secondary cell walls, the major hemicellulose is a polymer of β-(1,4)-linked xylose units called xylan.
Emilie A, Rennie, Henrik Vibe, Scheller
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Avermectin Biosynthesis

Chemical Reviews, 1997
Haruo, Ikeda, Satoshi, Omura
exaly   +3 more sources

Triacylglycerol biosynthesis

1987
Abstract Plant triacylglycerols, commonly known as vegetable oils and fats, have many applications in the food and chemical industry and are a most important commodity in world trade. In the triacylglycerol molecule, one fatty acid residue is esterified to each of the three hydroxy groups of the glycerol backbone.
STEN STYMNE, ALLAN KEITH STOBART
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Cyclotide biosynthesis

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, 2013
Cyclotides are bioactive macrocyclic peptides from plants that are characterized by their exceptional stability and potential applications as protein engineering or drug design frameworks. Their stability arises from their unique cyclic cystine knot structure, which combines a head-to-tail cyclic peptide backbone with three conserved disulfide bonds ...
Craik, David J., Malik, Uru
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Microviridin Biosynthesis

2012
The microviridins are a group of ribosomally synthesized and subsequently posttranslationally modified peptides. The structural modifications introduced during maturation are the formation of two intramolecular esters and one amide bond accompanied by dehydration.
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