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The history of bluetongue

2009
Research on bluetongue (BT) and more particularly on BT virus (BTV) has made spectacular progress in recent years. Bluetongue had already been known to sheep farmers in South Africa during the early part of the nineteenth century, most likely soon after the introduction of Merino sheep. However, the first detailed scientific descriptions of the disease
Baltus J. Erasmus   +1 more
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Bluetongue Virus

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 1994
Bluetongue (BLU) is a noncontagious viral disease. The virus is a member of the Orbivirus genus and serves as the prototype virus of the genus. BLU is primarily a disease of domestic ruminants, some wild ruminants, and, recently, domestic dogs. The disease is caused by 1 of 24 different serotypes of virus that are distributed worldwide.
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Epidemiology of Bluetongue in India

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2014
Bluetongue (BT) is an insectborne endemic disease in India. Although infections are observed in domestic and wild ruminants, the clinical disease and mortality are observed only in sheep, especially in the southern states of the country. The difference in disease patterns in different parts of the country could be due to varied climatic conditions ...
P P, Rao   +8 more
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The Typing of Bluetongue Virus

Research in Veterinary Science, 1971
SUMMARY Typing of bluetongue virus has been carried out by applying the technique of plaque inhibition. This method has advantages over serum virus neutralization tests in eggs, tubes or petri dishes.
F G, Davies, N K, Blackburn
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The Bluetongue Viruses

1990
Bluetongue in sheep and cattle was first described in the late 18th century. Gutsche (1979) attributes the first description of “Tong-sikte” to a French zoologist, Francois de Vaillant, who travelled in the Cape of Good Hope between 1781 and 1784. Although clinical aspects of the disease were recorded by Hutcheon, the Chief Veterinary Officer of the ...
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Control of bluetongue in Europe

Veterinary Microbiology, 2013
Since 1998, bluetongue virus (BTV) serotypes 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11 and 16 have spread throughout Europe. In 2006, BTV serotype 8 (BTV-8) emerged unexpectedly in northern Europe throughout a region including Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. In the following year, it spread rapidly throughout the rest of Europe.
Zientara, Stéphan   +1 more
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Bluetongue in western Turkey

Veterinary Record, 1982
In October 1977 clinical bluetongue broke out in Aydin province, western Turkey and spread to adjacent provinces in the autumn months of 1978 and 1979. The outbreak was caused by a virus of serotype 4 and appeared to occur in a totally susceptible population. It was eventually controlled by widespread use of attenuated type-specific vaccine. Bluetongue
A D, Yonguç   +3 more
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Bluetongue and midge control

Veterinary Record, 2007
Simon Carpenter, Philip Mellor and Steve Torr comment: Dr Wade raises the important issue of midge control via insecticide application to livestock as a potential means of interrupting transmission of bluetongue virus (btv).
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The Pathology and Pathogenesis of Bluetongue

Journal of Comparative Pathology, 2009
Bluetongue (BT) is an insect-transmitted viral disease of wild and domestic ruminants and, occasionally, other species. Amongst domestic livestock, BT is most common in certain breeds of sheep whereas asymptomatic BT virus (BTV) infection of cattle is typical in enzootic regions.
Maclachlan, NJ   +3 more
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Immunobiology of bluetongue virus

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 1987
Following BTV infection or vaccination, sheep develop both anti-virus antibody (which may include neutralizing antibody) and a cellular immune response. Yet, it still is unclear what aspects of the response are most critical in preventing infection and disease from this virus.
K T, Schultz, F B, Grieder
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