Results 221 to 230 of about 602,092 (255)

Strategic diel regulation of body mass in European robins

Animal Behaviour, 2000
Stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) is a computational technique that has been used to model daily routines of foraging in small birds. A diurnal bird must build up its fat reserves towards dusk in order to avoid starvation during the night, when it cannot feed. However, as well as the benefits of avoiding starvation, storing fat imposes costs such as
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Photoperiodic regulation of body mass, food intake, and reproduction in meadow voles

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 1983
Adult male voles were maintained for 10 wk in long or short photoperiods (14 or 10 h of light/day). A third group of animals housed in the long photoperiod was implanted with capsules containing melatonin. Body weight and food intake were measured weekly; various tissues were weighed and analyzed at the time of autopsy. After 10 wk, voles in the short
J, Dark, I, Zucker, G N, Wade
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Seasonal thermogenesis and body mass regulation in plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae)

Oecologia, 2006
Changes in photoperiod, ambient temperature and food availability trigger seasonal acclimatization in physiology and behavior of many animals. In the present study, seasonal adjustments in body mass and in several physiological, hormonal, and biochemical markers were examined in wild-captured plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) from the Qinghai-Tibetan ...
Jian-Mei, Wang, Yan-Ming, Zhang, De-Hua, Wang   +2 more
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Regulation of body fat mass by the gut microbiota: Possible mediation by the brain

Peptides, 2016
New insight suggests gut microbiota as a component in energy balance. However, the underlying mechanisms by which gut microbiota can impact metabolic regulation is unclear. A recent study from our lab shows, for the first time, a link between gut microbiota and energy balance circuitries in the hypothalamus and brainstem. In this article we will review
Schéle, Erik, Grahnemo, Louise, Anesten, Fredrik, Hallén, Anna, Bäckhed, Gert Fredrik, Jansson, John-Olov   +5 more
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Towards an Understanding of Physiological Body Mass Regulation: Seasonal Animal Models

Nutritional Neuroscience, 2000
This review is based around a number of interlinked hypotheses that can be summarised as follows: (i) mammalian body mass is regulated, (ii) the mechanisms that effect this regulation are common to all mammalian species, including humans, (iii) the neurochemical substrates involved in long term body mass regulation and in determining the level of body ...
J G, Mercer, C L, Adam, P J, Morgan
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Body mass regulation and the daily singing routines of European robins

Animal Behaviour, 2002
Stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) models of daily singing and foraging routines in birds relate an individual's fat reserves to the relative costs and benefits of singing and foraging at different times of day. Two central predictions of such models are that: (1) overnight loss of fat reserves is higher on colder nights, and (2) birds sing more at ...
Thomas, RJ, Cuthill, IC
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Regulation of lateral position of body centre of mass in standing balance

Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 1992
On average, normal adults stand with a nearly symmetric distribution of body weight between the legs, although there is a wide range of individual differences. In the static case, the symmetric distribution of weight implies a position for the centre of body mass (CM) that would maximise stability in the face of random, laterally directed ...
Alan M. Wing, John Barton, Ailie Turton, Ian Howick   +3 more
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Food intake, feeding rhythm, and body mass regulation in Svalbard rock ptarmigan

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 1986
Food intake (FI), feeding activity (FA), and body mass (BM) were recorded continuously throughout a 13-mo period in Svalbard rock ptarmigan kept under natural conditions of light and ambient temperature at Svalbard (79 degrees N). FI was persistently high from March until August, including the period when daylight is continuous, whereas it was low ...
K A, Stokkan, A, Mortensen, A S, Blix
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Hypothalamic digoxin and regulation of body mass index.

Neurology India, 2003
The hypothalamus produces digoxin, an endogenous membrane Na+-K+ ATPase inhibitor and regulator of neurotransmission. Digoxin being a steroidal glycoside, is synthesised by the isoprenoid pathway. In view of the reports of elevated digoxin levels in metabolic syndrome X with high body mass index, the isoprenoid pathway mediated biochemical cascade was ...
A. Ravi Kumar, P. A. Kurup
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Mass regulation in juvenile Starlings: response to change in food availability depends on initial body mass

Functional Ecology, 1997
1. The adaptive mass‐regulation hypothesis suggests that birds should respond to worsening or unpredictable foraging conditions by increasing body mass and energetic reserves. However, previous work on adult European Starlings, Sturnus vulgaris L., has revealed that the response to worsening foraging conditions varies according to the seasonal status ...
Witter, MS, Swaddle, JP
exaly   +2 more sources