Results 121 to 130 of about 846 (166)
Efficacy of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone in restoring spermatogenesis in men using non-prescribed androgens: a retrospective analysis of real-world data. [PDF]
F S RepSmit DL, Verdegaal T, Bond P.
europepmc +1 more source
Elucidation of the biosynthetic pathways of boldenone in the equine testis
Steroids, 2019 Boldenone is an anabolic-androgenic steroid that is prohibited in equine sports. Urine from the uncastrated male horse contains boldenone that is thought to be of endogenous origin and thus a threshold ('cut-off') concentration has been adopted internationally for free and conjugated boldenone to help distinguish cases of doping from its natural ...
Marjaana Viljanto +2 more
exaly +5 more sources
Presence and metabolism of the anabolic steroid boldenone in various animal species: a review
Food Additives and Contaminants, 2004 The review summarizes current knowledge on the possible illegal use of the anabolic steroid boldenone. The presence of' boldenone and metabolites in different animal species and the possibility of the occurrence of endogenous boldenone and metabolites is assessed, as are the methods of analysis used for detection. Different laboratories in the European
Bruno Le Bizec, N van Hoof, S Poelmans
exaly +7 more sources
Phytosterol consumption and the anabolic steroid boldenone in humans: A hypothesis piloted [PDF]
Food Additives and Contaminants, 2007 The presence of the anabolic steroid boldenone in animals has become a research topic as its occurrence is proposed to be a marker for illegal hormone administration. However, boldenone can also be formed from beta-sitosterol, a phytosterol present in animal feed, as well as from endogenous sources.
S S Sterk, A F H Stalenhoef
exaly +7 more sources
Neoformation of boldenone and related steroids in faeces of veal calves
Food Additives and Contaminants, 2006 Conflicting findings regarding the boldenone content of bovine faeces suggest it may be synthesized de novo in emitted faeces. We tested this hypothesis by analysing uncontaminated urine, fresh and various forms of dried faeces from 10 calves (not given boldenone) by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for 17alpha- and 17beta-boldenone ...
Simone Stella
exaly +6 more sources
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Crystal and molecular structures of boldenone and four boldenone steroid esters
Zeitschrift Fur Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 2019AbstractAndrosta-1,4-dien-17β-ol-3-one, also known as boldenone, is an anabolic-androgenic steroid derived from testosterone. The crystal structures of boldenone base, boldenone acetate, boldenone propionate, boldenone cypionate and a boldenone acetate polymorph obtained by high throughput screening were investigated. Hirshfeld surfaces and fingerprint
Alexandru Turza +2 more
exaly +2 more sources
New potential markers for the detection of boldenone misuse
Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2012Boldenone is one of the most frequently detected anabolic androgenic steroids in doping control analysis. Boldenone misuse is commonly detected by the identification of the active drug and its main metabolite, 5β-androst-1-en-17β-ol-3-one (BM1), by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), after previous hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase enzymes ...
Cristina Gómez +2 more
exaly +3 more sources
Steroids, 2009
Boldenone is banned in the European Union (Directive 96/22/EC) as growth promoter for meat producing animals. Boldione (ADD), boldenone and boldenone esters (mainly the undecylenate form) are commercially available as anabolic preparations, either to the destination of human, horse or cattle.
Emmanuelle Bichon +2 more
exaly +4 more sources
Boldenone is banned in the European Union (Directive 96/22/EC) as growth promoter for meat producing animals. Boldione (ADD), boldenone and boldenone esters (mainly the undecylenate form) are commercially available as anabolic preparations, either to the destination of human, horse or cattle.
Emmanuelle Bichon +2 more
exaly +4 more sources
Detection of endogenous boldenone in the entire male horses
Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences, 2004Boldenone (1,2-dehydrotestosterone) is a common veterinary anabolic agent. Its structure is very similar to testosterone. Testosterone is endogenous in the horse, whereas there has been no report concerning the detection of endogenous boldenone. This paper reports the direct observation of sulphate conjugate of boldenone in equine urine from entires ...
Emmie Ho +2 more
exaly +3 more sources
Formation of boldenone and boldenone-analogues by maggots of Lucilia sericata
Analytica Chimica Acta, 2007Current evidence suggests that neo formation of the anabolic steroid boldenone (androsta-1,4-diene-17-ol-3-one) occurs in calves' faecal material, making it difficult to distinguish between illegally administered boldenone and its potential endogenous presence. This strengthens the urgent need to elucidate the pathway leading to boldenone formation. In
K, Verheyden +7 more
openaire +2 more sources