Results 41 to 50 of about 5,181 (195)
A Comparative Analysis of 30 Bonus-Malus Systems [PDF]
ASTIN Bulletin, 1994 AbstractThe automobile third party insurance merit-rating systems of 22 countries are simulated and compared, using as main tools the stationary average premium level, the variability of the policyholders' payments, their elasticity with respect to the claim frequency, and the magnitude of the hunger for bonus.
Lemaire, Jean, Zi, Hongmin
openaire +2 more sources
Українська система бонус-малус: оцінка жорсткості та порівняльний аналіз з системами інших країн [PDF]
, 2012 Розкрито сутність і призначення системи бонус-малус в автотранспортному страхуванні; охарактеризовано українську систему бонус-малус як систему з «відсутністю пам’яті»; проведено аналіз оцінки жорсткості системи за допомогою показника відносного ...
Сліпко, Ксенія Олександрівна
core +2 more sources
Ecological Monographs, Volume 96, Issue 1, February 2026.Abstract The acquisitive–conservative spectrum of plant strategies is a well‐supported interspecific trade‐off axis: Compared to acquisitive species that prioritize resource allocation to functions promoting carbon fixation, conservative species tend to grow slower because a larger amount of resources is allocated to functions promoting survival ...
Yuguo Yang +2 more
wiley +1 more source
The Efficiency of a Bonus-Malus System [PDF]
ASTIN Bulletin, 1978 AbstractThe concept efficiency of a bonus-mains system was defined, apparently in a totally different way, consecutively by Loimaranta (1972) and Lemaire (1975, 1976). In this paper we start with a more general model that leads us to a definition of efficiency that contains both earlier ones as special cases.
openaire +1 more source
Special insurance systems for motor vehicle liability [PDF]
, 2013 Automobile insurance is a compulsory purchase for most drivers in Europe and the United States. Obviously, this obligation raises concerns about affordability and availability. To mitigate such problems, in most legal systems special facilities have been
De Mot, Jef, Faure, Michael
core +3 more sources
Conservation challenges and opportunities for native apple (Malus) species in Canada
PLANTS, PEOPLE, PLANET, Volume 8, Issue 1, Page 134-156, January 2026.Apple, one of the world's most widely cultivated and economically important fruit crops, has two wild relatives native to Canada. In this review, we describe the importance of these native apple species to Indigenous heritage and the current threats the species faces due to pests, diseases, and habitat loss.
Terrell T. Roulston +13 more
wiley +1 more source
Optimal claim behaviour for third-party liability insurances or to claim or not to claim: that is the question [PDF]
, 1990 It is proved that the optimal decision rule to claim or not to claim for damage is of the form: ‘to claim for damage only if its amount exceeds a certain limit’.
Dellaert, N.P. (Nico) +2 more
core +3 more sources
Bonus-malus Systems as Markov Set-chains [PDF]
ASTIN Bulletin, 2007 The objective of this paper is to present an analysis of a bonus-malus system (BMS) within the framework of the theory of ergodic Markov set-chains. It is shown that this type of Markov chains enables the evaluation of BMS, even in steady-state, under the assumption that transition probabilities change in a definite range.
openaire +1 more source
JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, Volume 64, Issue 1, Page 75-99, January 2026.Abstract This article examines the agency of national executives in shaping the reform agendas within the National Recovery and Resilience Plans (NRRPs) under the EU's Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF). Through a comparative analysis of NRRPs drafting in Germany, France, Italy and Spain, and an in‐depth longitudinal study of Italy, we argue that ...
Enrico Borghetto +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Efisiensi Sistem Bonus Malus Sebagai Model Rantai Markov [PDF]
, 2006 . Developed bonus malus system (BMS) is to make the premium paid by insured will be as closed as possible with expected occurrence of claim in every year basis. To study the efficiency of a BMS, we must previously observe the effect of claim frequency on
Supandi, S. (Supandi)
core